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生態環(huan)境部：關于進一步加強危險廢物(wu)和醫療廢物(wu)監(jian)管(guan)工作的(de)意(yi)見（環(huan)發〔2011〕19號）

關于進(jin)一步加強(qiang)危險廢物和醫療廢物監管(guan)工(gong)作的(de)意(yi)見

環發〔2011〕19號(hao) 

各省、自治區、直轄市環境(jing)保護廳（局(ju)）、衛生廳（局(ju)），新(xin)疆生產建設(she)兵團環境(jing)保護局(ju)、衛生局(ju)：

危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)（含醫(yi)療廢(fei)物(wu)）污染(ran)防治是(shi)環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)的重(zhong)要組成部分(fen)(fen)。危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)含有(you)(you)有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害(hai)成分(fen)(fen)，若利用(yong)和(he)(he)處置不當，將對水體、大(da)(da)氣(qi)和(he)(he)土(tu)壤造成嚴重(zhong)污染(ran)，甚至嚴重(zhong)威(wei)脅人(ren)民群眾身心健(jian)康。“十一(yi)(yi)五(wu)”期(qi)間，我(wo)國不斷加大(da)(da)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)力(li)度，規范(fan)(fan)利用(yong)處置行為，納入規范(fan)(fan)化管(guan)(guan)理的危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)數量持續(xu)大(da)(da)幅度上(shang)升。但(dan)是(shi)非法收集、轉移、利用(yong)和(he)(he)處置危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)的現象屢禁不止(zhi)，由此引發的突發環境(jing)(jing)事件呈(cheng)多發態勢(shi)，暴露出(chu)(chu)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)依然薄弱，防范(fan)(fan)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)環境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的壓力(li)巨大(da)(da)。各級環保(bao)部門要進一(yi)(yi)步提(ti)高認識，增強(qiang)責任感和(he)(he)緊迫感，采取切實(shi)措施，進一(yi)(yi)步加強(qiang)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)。現提(ti)出(chu)(chu)如下意見(jian)：

一、總體要求(qiu) 

（一）指(zhi)導思想。以(yi)(yi)科學發展(zhan)觀為指(zhi)導，以(yi)(yi)有(you)效控制危險廢(fei)(fei)物環(huan)境(jing)風險為目標，以(yi)(yi)全過程規(gui)范化管(guan)理為抓手，以(yi)(yi)產生、利用、處置(zhi)危險廢(fei)(fei)物的單位為監(jian)管(guan)重(zhong)點(dian)，以(yi)(yi)落實危險廢(fei)(fei)物管(guan)理制度為根本，進一步加強(qiang)能力建(jian)設，完善(shan)危險廢(fei)(fei)物監(jian)管(guan)體制機制，創(chuang)新監(jian)管(guan)手段，嚴格環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)，保障人體健(jian)康，維護生態(tai)安全，促進經濟社會可持續發展(zhan)。

（二）目標任務。到2015年(nian)，摸清(qing)全國(guo)重點(dian)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)產生單(dan)位以及利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)、處(chu)置(zhi)單(dan)位情況，建立健全危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)管(guan)理(li)信息系統。危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)管(guan)理(li)進(jin)一(yi)步規(gui)范，產生單(dan)位危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)規(gui)范化管(guan)理(li)抽(chou)查(cha)合(he)格率(lv)達到90％；經營(ying)單(dan)位危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)規(gui)范化管(guan)理(li)抽(chou)查(cha)合(he)格率(lv)達到95%。發展一(yi)批危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)處(chu)置(zhi)骨干企業(ye)，取締一(yi)批非(fei)法利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)處(chu)置(zhi)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)企業(ye)，淘汰(tai)一(yi)批落后的利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)處(chu)置(zhi)設施。大(da)、中城市醫療(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)基(ji)本實現無害(hai)化處(chu)置(zhi)。有效遏制危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)引(yin)發的突發環(huan)境事件。

二(er)、規范產生和(he)經營單位(wei)內部管(guan)理 

（三）規范產生(sheng)(sheng)單位危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理。產生(sheng)(sheng)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)單位應(ying)當以(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為目標(biao)(biao)，制(zhi)(zhi)定危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理計劃和(he)應(ying)急預案(an)并(bing)報(bao)所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(di)縣級以(yi)上地(di)(di)方環(huan)保部(bu)門(men)(men)備案(an)。依(yi)據《固體廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鑒別導則》（原國(guo)家(jia)(jia)環(huan)保總(zong)局(ju)、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)發展改革委、商務部(bu)、海關總(zong)署、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)質(zhi)檢總(zong)局(ju)公(gong)告(gao)2006年第11號）、《國(guo)家(jia)(jia)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄》（環(huan)境(jing)保護部(bu)令第1號）和(he)《危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鑒別標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB5085），自行(xing)或(huo)委托專(zhuan)業(ye)機(ji)構正確(que)鑒別和(he)分類收(shou)(shou)集危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。對(dui)盛裝危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)容(rong)器和(he)包(bao)裝物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，要確(que)保無破損、泄漏和(he)其(qi)他缺陷，依(yi)據《危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)污染控制(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB18597）規范建設危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)場所(suo)并(bing)設置(zhi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)標(biao)(biao)識。加強危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)期(qi)間(jian)的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管理，危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)時間(jian)不得(de)超過一年。嚴格執行(xing)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉移(yi)聯單制(zhi)(zhi)度，禁(jin)止將(jiang)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)供或(huo)委托給(gei)無危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)經營許可(ke)證的(de)(de)單位從事收(shou)(shou)集、貯(zhu)存(cun)、利(li)(li)用(yong)、處(chu)置(zhi)等經營活動。嚴禁(jin)委托無危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)貨物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)運輸資質(zhi)的(de)(de)單位運輸危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。自建危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)、利(li)(li)用(yong)、處(chu)置(zhi)設施(shi)的(de)(de)，應(ying)當符合《危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)污染控制(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB18597）、《危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)填埋污染控制(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB18598）、《危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)焚(fen)燒(shao)污染控制(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB18484）等相(xiang)關標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，依(yi)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)影響評價(jia)并(bing)遵守國(guo)家(jia)(jia)有關建設項目環(huan)境(jing)保護管理的(de)(de)規定；按照所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(di)環(huan)保部(bu)門(men)(men)要求(qiu)定期(qi)對(dui)利(li)(li)用(yong)處(chu)置(zhi)設施(shi)污染物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)進(jin)行(xing)監測(ce)，其(qi)中對(dui)焚(fen)燒(shao)設施(shi)二(er)惡英排(pai)放(fang)(fang)情況(kuang)每年至少(shao)監測(ce)一次。要將(jiang)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)、貯(zhu)存(cun)、利(li)(li)用(yong)、處(chu)置(zhi)等情況(kuang)納入生(sheng)(sheng)產記錄，建立危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理臺(tai)賬，如實(shi)記錄相(xiang)關信(xin)息并(bing)及時依(yi)法(fa)向環(huan)保部(bu)門(men)(men)申報(bao)。

（四）加強危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)管理(li)。危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)應(ying)當依據《危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)許可(ke)證管理(li)辦(ban)法》（國務院令第(di)408號）依法申領危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)許可(ke)證。禁止無經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)許可(ke)證或者不按照經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)許可(ke)證規定(ding)從事(shi)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)收集、貯(zhu)存、利用、處置的(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動(dong)(dong)。要參照《危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)記錄和報告(gao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)情況(kuang)指南》（環境保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)部公(gong)告(gao)2009年第(di)55號）、《危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)編制(zhi)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案指南》（原環保(bao)(bao)(bao)總局公(gong)告(gao)2007年第(di)48號），建(jian)立(li)(li)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)情況(kuang)記錄簿，定(ding)期(qi)向環保(bao)(bao)(bao)部門(men)報告(gao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動(dong)(dong)情況(kuang)；制(zhi)定(ding)突發環境事(shi)件的(de)防(fang)范措施和應(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案，配置應(ying)急(ji)(ji)防(fang)護(hu)設(she)施設(she)備(bei)，定(ding)期(qi)開展應(ying)急(ji)(ji)演練；要建(jian)立(li)(li)日常(chang)環境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)制(zhi)度，自行(xing)或委托(tuo)有資(zi)質(zhi)的(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)對(dui)(dui)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排放進(jin)行(xing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)，其中(zhong)對(dui)(dui)焚燒設(she)施排放二惡(e)英情況(kuang)每年至少監(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)一(yi)次，防(fang)止污染(ran)環境。

（五）加(jia)強業務(wu)培訓。危險(xian)(xian)廢物產生單位(wei)和經營(ying)單位(wei)應(ying)(ying)當對本單位(wei)工(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)進行培訓，提高全(quan)體人(ren)員(yuan)對危險(xian)(xian)廢物管(guan)理的認(ren)識。確(que)保相關管(guan)理人(ren)員(yuan)和從(cong)事(shi)危險(xian)(xian)廢物收(shou)集、運(yun)(yun)送、暫(zan)存、利用和處置等工(gong)作的人(ren)員(yuan)掌握國家相關法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)、規(gui)章和有關規(gui)范性文件(jian)的規(gui)定；熟悉(xi)本單位(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)定的危險(xian)(xian)廢物管(guan)理規(gui)章制(zhi)(zhi)度、工(gong)作流程和應(ying)(ying)急預案等各項(xiang)工(gong)作要求(qiu)；掌握危險(xian)(xian)廢物分類收(shou)集、運(yun)(yun)送、暫(zan)存的正確(que)方(fang)法(fa)和操(cao)作程序，提高安全(quan)防護和應(ying)(ying)急處置能力。對危險(xian)(xian)廢物填(tian)埋和焚燒設(she)施(shi)操(cao)作人(ren)員(yuan)探(tan)索實(shi)行職業資格(ge)證(zheng)書制(zhi)(zhi)度。

三(san)、加強(qiang)對產(chan)生單位的環(huan)境監管(guan) 

（六）完(wan)善環(huan)評(ping)審批。建設產生(sheng)危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)，應(ying)當嚴格進行環(huan)境影(ying)響(xiang)評(ping)價(jia)，合(he)理(li)分析危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)的(de)產生(sheng)環(huan)節、種(zhong)類、危害(hai)特性、產生(sheng)量、利(li)用或處(chu)置方式，科(ke)學預測(ce)其環(huan)境影(ying)響(xiang)。對(dui)危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)產生(sheng)強度大(da)以(yi)及(ji)所產生(sheng)的(de)危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)分析不清(qing)、無妥善利(li)用或處(chu)置方案和(he)風險(xian)防范(fan)措施(shi)的(de)建設項(xiang)目(mu)，不予批準其環(huan)評(ping)文件。建設項(xiang)目(mu)竣工(gong)環(huan)境保護(hu)驗(yan)收時，應(ying)對(dui)危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)產生(sheng)、貯存、利(li)用和(he)處(chu)置情況，風險(xian)防范(fan)措施(shi)，管理(li)計(ji)劃等進行核查。

（七）建立監管重點源(yuan)(yuan)清單(dan)(dan)。各級(ji)環保(bao)(bao)部門應(ying)當(dang)于2011年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前建立危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)產生(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)監管重點源(yuan)(yuan)清單(dan)(dan)并及時更新。原則上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)產生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)1噸以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)列為市(shi)級(ji)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)重點源(yuan)(yuan)；年(nian)(nian)產生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)10噸以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)列為省(sheng)級(ji)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)重點源(yuan)(yuan)；年(nian)(nian)產生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)100噸以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)應(ying)當(dang)列為國家級(ji)危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)監管重點源(yuan)(yuan)。產生(sheng)(sheng)含氰等(deng)劇毒(du)類危(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)以(yi)及被劇毒(du)化學品污染的(de)(de)廢(fei)棄包裝容器的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)應(ying)當(dang)納(na)入(ru)市(shi)級(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)地方(fang)環保(bao)(bao)部門的(de)(de)重點監管范圍。

（八）強化監督管理(li)。各(ge)級環保部(bu)門要(yao)積極(ji)開展產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)規(gui)范化管理(li)工作，推動落(luo)實各(ge)項危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理(li)制(zhi)度。對納入監管重(zhong)點源的(de)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)，年抽查率不低于30%。對產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)非法轉(zhuan)移危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)，要(yao)堅決打擊(ji)，從嚴處(chu)(chu)理(li)。對超(chao)期貯存危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)，應責令限期處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)；逾(yu)期不處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)或處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)不符(fu)合國家有關規(gui)定的(de)，由(you)所在地(di)的(de)縣級以上環保部(bu)門指定單(dan)位(wei)(wei)代為處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)，處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)費用由(you)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)承擔。以產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)廢礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)油和(he)鉛酸(suan)蓄電池的(de)機動車(che)維修企業為重(zhong)點，因(yin)地(di)制(zhi)宜，探索(suo)對流通領域(yu)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)監管。

（九）開展對自有(you)利用處置(zhi)設施(shi)的(de)專(zhuan)項(xiang)檢查(cha)。各省（區、市）環保部門應當(dang)于2011年年底前，組織(zhi)對危險(xian)廢物產生單(dan)位自有(you)危險(xian)廢物利用處置(zhi)設施(shi)開展一次全面排(pai)查(cha)和評估(gu)。對于污染物排(pai)放超(chao)標(biao)的(de)設施(shi)，特別是(shi)二惡英超(chao)標(biao)的(de)焚燒設施(shi)，要依(yi)法處罰并限(xian)期(qi)(qi)治理(li)；逾期(qi)(qi)未(wei)完成(cheng)治理(li)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)，要依(yi)法關停；限(xian)期(qi)(qi)治理(li)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)最長不得超(chao)過1年。

四、加強對經營單位的環境(jing)監(jian)管 

（十(shi)）嚴格(ge)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)查。各級環保(bao)部(bu)門(men)應當(dang)嚴格(ge)執行(xing)《危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理(li)辦法》，按照《危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)單位審(shen)查和(he)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)指南》（環境(jing)保(bao)護部(bu)公(gong)告2009年(nian)第65號(hao)），不斷規范(fan)和(he)完(wan)善(shan)危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的審(shen)批(pi)工作。上級環保(bao)部(bu)門(men)應當(dang)加強對下(xia)(xia)級環保(bao)部(bu)門(men)審(shen)批(pi)頒(ban)發危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)情(qing)況的監督檢查，及時糾(jiu)正下(xia)(xia)級環保(bao)部(bu)門(men)審(shen)批(pi)頒(ban)發危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)過程中的違法行(xing)為。要做好新建危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)利用處置項目(mu)環境(jing)影響評價審(shen)批(pi)與(yu)危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)批(pi)工作的銜(xian)接(jie)工作。對從事收集、貯存(cun)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)棄(qi)熒光燈(deng)管(guan)、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電池等(deng)流通領域危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)活動的單位，依(yi)法開(kai)展危(wei)(wei)險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)(xu)可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)審(shen)批(pi)工作，鼓勵生(sheng)產企業回收廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)棄(qi)熒光燈(deng)管(guan)和(he)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電池。

（十一）加強監(jian)(jian)(jian)督性檢(jian)查和(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)。地方(fang)各(ge)級環(huan)(huan)保(bao)部(bu)門要(yao)落實(shi)對(dui)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經營單(dan)位的(de)屬地監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)責任，積極開(kai)展危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經營單(dan)位規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)管(guan)理工作(zuo)。發證機關應當組織對(dui)持(chi)證單(dan)位每年(nian)至少開(kai)展一次監(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)查和(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督性監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)，對(dui)危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)焚(fen)燒(shao)設施(shi)的(de)二惡英排放情(qing)況(kuang)每年(nian)至少監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)一次。要(yao)定期(qi)對(dui)持(chi)證單(dan)位污染防治情(qing)況(kuang)和(he)突發環(huan)(huan)境(jing)事件防范(fan)能(neng)力(li)進行全面評估，對(dui)存在嚴重(zhong)安全和(he)污染隱患，不符合原(yuan)許可條件的(de)持(chi)證單(dan)位，要(yao)責令限期(qi)整(zheng)改，直(zhi)至依(yi)法吊銷危(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)經營許可證。

（十二(er)）嚴格依法處(chu)(chu)罰違(wei)法行(xing)為。各級環保(bao)部門(men)要(yao)嚴格執法，堅決取(qu)(qu)締無證(zheng)從事危險廢物(wu)收(shou)(shou)集、貯存(cun)、利用、處(chu)(chu)置經(jing)(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的行(xing)為。對不按照經(jing)(jing)營(ying)許(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)規定從事收(shou)(shou)集、貯存(cun)、利用、處(chu)(chu)置危險廢物(wu)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的，要(yao)責令停止違(wei)法行(xing)為，沒收(shou)(shou)違(wei)法所得(de)，可(ke)(ke)以并處(chu)(chu)違(wei)法所得(de)3倍(bei)以下的罰款，并可(ke)(ke)以由(you)發證(zheng)機關吊銷(xiao)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)許(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)。被依法吊銷(xiao)或者收(shou)(shou)繳(jiao)危險廢物(wu)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)許(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)的單位(wei)，5年內不得(de)再申請領(ling)取(qu)(qu)危險廢物(wu)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)許(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)。

五、加強(qiang)醫(yi)療廢(fei)物監管 

（十三）建(jian)立醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理(li)(li)責任(ren)制。落實(shi)《醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理(li)(li)條(tiao)例(li)》（國務院令第380號）和《醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理(li)(li)辦法》（衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)部令第36號），建(jian)立醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)管理(li)(li)責任(ren)制。醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)負(fu)責醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產生(sheng)后的(de)分(fen)類收(shou)(shou)集管理(li)(li)并及時將醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)由醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)集中處(chu)置單(dan)位(wei)處(chu)置。醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)集中處(chu)置單(dan)位(wei)負(fu)責從醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)收(shou)(shou)集醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)并進行無害化處(chu)置。醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)和醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)集中處(chu)置單(dan)位(wei)的(de)法定代表人(ren)為(wei)第一(yi)責任(ren)人(ren)。第一(yi)責任(ren)人(ren)要切實(shi)履行職責，防止因醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)導致(zhi)疾病(bing)傳(chuan)播和環(huan)境污染事(shi)故，特別(bie)是防止醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流(liu)向社會非(fei)法加(jia)工利用(yong)。

（十四(si)）加(jia)(jia)大對(dui)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)的(de)監(jian)管力度。衛生行政(zheng)部(bu)門應(ying)當加(jia)(jia)強對(dui)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)衛生機構醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)管理工作的(de)監(jian)督檢查；環保部(bu)門應(ying)當加(jia)(jia)強對(dui)醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)集(ji)中(zhong)處(chu)(chu)置單位(wei)和設施(shi)的(de)監(jian)管，特別是(shi)加(jia)(jia)強對(dui)小(xiao)規模醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)焚燒處(chu)(chu)置設施(shi)的(de)監(jian)督性監(jian)測(ce)力度，對(dui)不能(neng)穩定達標的(de)，要在1年內依法(fa)淘汰或者關停。各停用處(chu)(chu)置設施(shi)可用于(yu)突發(fa)疫情期間應(ying)急處(chu)(chu)置醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)。不具備集(ji)中(zhong)處(chu)(chu)置醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)條(tiao)件的(de)農(nong)村等偏遠地(di)區，自行就地(di)處(chu)(chu)置醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)的(de)，應(ying)當符合《醫(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)管理條(tiao)例》規定的(de)基本要求。

六、完善監管機制 

（十五(wu)）建立風險(xian)(xian)(xian)監管機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。落(luo)實危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物經(jing)營(ying)單(dan)(dan)位經(jing)營(ying)情況報告制(zhi)度，開展危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物產生單(dan)(dan)位申(shen)報登記工作(zuo)。以此為基(ji)礎(chu)，充分(fen)利用污染源普(pu)查成果和(he)其他相(xiang)關調查成果，結(jie)合(he)群眾舉報等相(xiang)關信息，加強(qiang)對各危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物產生、經(jing)營(ying)單(dan)(dan)位違規可能性(xing)的分(fen)析，建立健全(quan)違規風險(xian)(xian)(xian)識別和(he)評(ping)估(gu)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，提(ti)高監管的針對性(xing)和(he)有效(xiao)性(xing)。定期組織開展環境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)排查，著(zhu)重防范突(tu)發自然災(zai)害引(yin)發危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物，特(te)別是(shi)長(chang)期堆存的危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)物污染環境(jing)(jing)事件。