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“十四五”時期，結構(gou)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)結構(gou)是生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重心(xin)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)重心(xin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步從污(wu)(wu)染治(zhi)(zhi)理末(mo)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)污(wu)(wu)染治(zhi)(zhi)理前端的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展源(yuan)頭調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)，更(geng)加突(tu)出綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)融合(he)，結構(gou)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)成為(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)體(ti)系調(diao)(diao)(diao)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)領域(yu)，尤其是創(chuang)新(xin)發(fa)揮(hui)好激(ji)勵(li)引(yin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)類政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)工具的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。一(yi)是以(yi)非電(dian)(dian)重點行(xing)業(ye)超(chao)低(di)(di)排放補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、水(shui)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)階梯激(ji)勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)為(wei)主要(yao)(yao)“抓(zhua)手”促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)型調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。深(shen)(shen)化(hua)供(gong)給側結構(gou)性改革政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)創(chuang)新(xin)，持(chi)續(xu)(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)“散亂(luan)污(wu)(wu)”治(zhi)(zhi)理政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，深(shen)(shen)化(hua)工業(ye)行(xing)業(ye)超(chao)低(di)(di)排放政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，建(jian)立排放績效導(dao)(dao)(dao)向(xiang)、階梯式(shi)(shi)(shi)激(ji)勵(li)、差(cha)別(bie)化(hua)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)低(di)(di)排放補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)；完善(shan)(shan)節能環保產(chan)(chan)業(ye)“提(ti)質上檔”驅動(dong)(dong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，加強稅式(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)(you)惠(hui)等(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)激(ji)勵(li)；完善(shan)(shan)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)與(yu)供(gong)給政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)完善(shan)(shan)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)采購清單。二是以(yi)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)改革為(wei)主要(yao)(yao)抓(zhua)手推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)能源(yuan)節約利(li)用(yong)與(yu)結構(gou)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。完善(shan)(shan)清潔能源(yuan)推(tui)廣和(he)(he)提(ti)效政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)實施(shi)清潔取暖補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，完善(shan)(shan)以(yi)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)投(tou)入為(wei)引(yin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)、金(jin)融資金(jin)和(he)(he)社會(hui)資本共(gong)同(tong)參與(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)融資模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，擴大大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)重點區(qu)域(yu)煤炭減量替代政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)范(fan)圍；繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)完善(shan)(shan)資源(yuan)定價(jia)(jia)(jia)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)改革，協(xie)同(tong)建(jian)立健(jian)全用(yong)能權(quan)、用(yong)水(shui)權(quan)、排污(wu)(wu)權(quan)、碳排放權(quan)初始分配制(zhi)度(du)(du)。三是以(yi)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、稅收優(you)(you)惠(hui)激(ji)勵(li)為(wei)抓(zhua)手推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)運(yun)輸結構(gou)優(you)(you)化(hua)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。通(tong)過多元(yuan)投(tou)入、稅收優(you)(you)惠(hui)等(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)運(yun)輸結構(gou)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)，實施(shi)“車—油(you)(you)—路(lu)”一(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輕型車超(chao)低(di)(di)排放，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)實施(shi)新(xin)車碳排放標(biao)準；完善(shan)(shan)柴(chai)油(you)(you)貨車稅收優(you)(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，擴大汽車消費稅征收范(fan)圍，進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步拉開(kai)汽油(you)(you)和(he)(he)柴(chai)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)消費稅稅率差(cha)距(ju)，加強細(xi)化(hua)車船稅稅額(e)；制(zhi)定實施(shi)岸電(dian)(dian)激(ji)勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。四是以(yi)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)、電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)激(ji)勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)為(wei)重點推(tui)動(dong)(dong)農業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展[12]。調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)現有(you)對農藥(yao)、化(hua)肥(fei)和(he)(he)地(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)，研究(jiu)低(di)(di)毒低(di)(di)殘(can)留農藥(yao)、有(you)機肥(fei)、可回收地(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)；探索多元(yuan)化(hua)、差(cha)別(bie)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農業(ye)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)激(ji)勵(li)機制(zhi)[13]，建(jian)立健(jian)全耕地(di)、草原、漁(yu)業(ye)水(shui)域(yu)等(deng)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)補(bu)償政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)體(ti)系；實施(shi)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)優(you)(you)惠(hui)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)農業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)農村污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處理設施(shi)運(yun)營，研究(jiu)制(zhi)定有(you)機肥(fei)廠、規(gui)模(mo)(mo)化(hua)大型沼氣(qi)工程、畜禽(qin)糞污(wu)(wu)第三方處理用(yong)地(di)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)優(you)(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。

3.2 健全生態環境空間管控政策

“十四(si)五”時(shi)期，空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)的(de)優化(hua)配置和(he)守牢底線是(shi)一項新(xin)的(de)挑戰(zhan)，要(yao)(yao)實(shi)施好空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)屬(shu)性差(cha)異(yi)化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，需要(yao)(yao)在“十三(san)五”生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)工(gong)作的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，進一步健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。一是(shi)實(shi)施水(shui)氣土環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)素(su)質量分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。繼續推(tui)進優化(hua)實(shi)施以控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)元為基礎(chu)的(de)水(shui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量目標管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，將流(liu)域(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)責任層層分(fen)(fen)解到(dao)各(ge)級行政(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)，全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)完善流(liu)域(yu)(yu)水(shui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量責任管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)[14-15]；重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)實(shi)行大氣環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，強(qiang)化(hua)行政(zheng)(zheng)處罰、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保督(du)察(cha)、經濟政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)等組合(he)(he)(he)(he)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；完善建(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地準入(ru)(ru)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)和(he)農用(yong)地分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)受污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)耕地安全(quan)利用(yong)和(he)綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)防控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業、典型地塊污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)風險防控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。二是(shi)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)紅線和(he)自然保護(hu)地為重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)實(shi)行差(cha)別化(hua)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)要(yao)(yao)求，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)補償(chang)長效機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)多渠(qu)道生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)資(zi)(zi)金投(tou)入(ru)(ru)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；加(jia)強(qiang)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)紅線區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復工(gong)程實(shi)施區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)“三(san)類(lei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)”分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，積極制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)補償(chang)、損害(hai)賠償(chang)、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)垃圾清(qing)(qing)理(li)等政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)激勵(li)與約束并重(zhong)的(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。三(san)是(shi)推(tui)進“三(san)線一單(dan)(dan)(dan)”為基礎(chu)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。將污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)普(pu)查(cha)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)調查(cha)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監測(ce)、排放(fang)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)、排污(wu)(wu)(wu)許可、執法審批數據與“三(san)線一單(dan)(dan)(dan)”和(he)功能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃(hua)成果(guo)融合(he)(he)(he)(he)，形(xing)成“三(san)線一單(dan)(dan)(dan)”數據標準、技(ji)術規(gui)范、配套(tao)規(gui)整(zheng)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。四(si)是(shi)加(jia)快(kuai)完善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配套(tao)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)。綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)各(ge)要(yao)(yao)素(su)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)及重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)利用(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)評價制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)清(qing)(qing)單(dan)(dan)(dan)準入(ru)(ru)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)監測(ce)考評機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，基于(yu)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)“縱橫聯合(he)(he)(he)(he)”的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)不同類(lei)型生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)監督(du)與績效考核評價體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。

3.3 完善環境質量管(guan)理政策機制

環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)持(chi)續(xu)改善依然(ran)是(shi)“十四五”時期的(de)(de)核心工作，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步健全環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)制，不僅進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步強化(hua)考核落責(ze)，更要加(jia)強正(zheng)向激勵，形成政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)鏈條和體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系，在環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)達(da)標管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)中(zhong)充分發(fa)揮(hui)多種政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)工具的(de)(de)協同作用(yong)。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善以考評為主的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系。推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)建(jian)立完(wan)(wan)(wan)善的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監測、評價、考核、責(ze)任、獎(jiang)懲環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系，并強化(hua)考核結果(guo)與(yu)(yu)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資金、官員升遷等(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)銜接增效。二是(shi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)污染物(wu)總量(liang)(liang)減排(pai)制度(du)。實施揮(hui)發(fa)性有機(ji)(ji)物(wu)、總磷(lin)、總氮約束性指標管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，實施固(gu)定源(yuan)與(yu)(yu)非固(gu)定源(yuan)“雙(shuang)控”管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。三是(shi)建(jian)立全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)周期生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防(fang)范(fan)和應急管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系。完(wan)(wan)(wan)善事前防(fang)范(fan)和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)標準體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系建(jian)設(she)，完(wan)(wan)(wan)善事中(zhong)處置政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，完(wan)(wan)(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)事故(gu)事后賠償(chang)和修復政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步健全環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損害鑒定評估(gu)與(yu)(yu)賠償(chang)技術規(gui)范(fan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系和污染治理(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)修復制度(du)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系[16-17]。四是(shi)健全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)健康(kang)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系。推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)健康(kang)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)試點，建(jian)立環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)檢、責(ze)任保(bao)險(xian)、專(zhuan)業服務、風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防(fang)范(fan)、損害理(li)(li)賠為一(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)綠色(se)金融(rong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防(fang)范(fan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系，加(jia)強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)健康(kang)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)信息透明度(du)機(ji)(ji)制和能力(li)建(jian)設(she)。

3.4 優化生(sheng)態環境市(shi)場經濟機制

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)場機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)一步(bu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)和優化(hua)(hua)，進(jin)一步(bu)提升市(shi)(shi)場經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體系(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)地(di)位和作(zuo)用(yong)，更加注(zhu)重經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)手段(duan)組合優化(hua)(hua)調(diao)(diao)(diao)控(kong)，增(zeng)進(jin)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)調(diao)(diao)(diao)控(kong)功能(neng)(neng)和實施效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)。一是完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)預算支出制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，改(gai)革節能(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)賬戶(hu)，全(quan)(quan)面建(jian)立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量改(gai)善(shan)績效(xiao)導(dao)向的(de)(de)(de)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)金(jin)分配機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，補(bu)(bu)貼從生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產端為主逐(zhu)步(bu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)到消費(fei)(fei)(fei)端為主，補(bu)(bu)貼方向調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)為針(zhen)對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)技(ji)術創新應用(yong)[18-19]。二(er)是深化(hua)(hua)綠色(se)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)費(fei)(fei)(fei)價格(ge)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革[20]。完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)、綠色(se)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)收優惠、資(zi)源(yuan)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)相關稅(shui)(shui)(shui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)征收調(diao)(diao)(diao)控(kong)范(fan)圍，推進(jin)將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)外(wai)部成本(ben)納入資(zi)源(yuan)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)改(gai)革；完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)基礎設(she)施公(gong)共服務(wu)供給收費(fei)(fei)(fei)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，推動建(jian)立(li)全(quan)(quan)成本(ben)覆(fu)蓋(gai)的(de)(de)(de)污水處(chu)理費(fei)(fei)(fei)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，建(jian)立(li)有利(li)于促進(jin)垃圾分類和減量化(hua)(hua)、資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)、無害化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)費(fei)(fei)(fei)激勵機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，研(yan)究建(jian)立(li)健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)成本(ben)并合理盈(ying)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)固體廢物處(chu)理收費(fei)(fei)(fei)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。三(san)是深化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)補(bu)(bu)償制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度改(gai)革。統籌各(ge)領域(yu)、各(ge)要(yao)素生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)補(bu)(bu)償，推進(jin)實施綜合生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)補(bu)(bu)償；完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)國(guo)家重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功能(neng)(neng)區轉移支付機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，繼續推進(jin)跨(kua)省界流(liu)(liu)域(yu)上(shang)下游生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)補(bu)(bu)償機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)設(she)，研(yan)究建(jian)立(li)海洋生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損害賠償責任制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，推進(jin)形成市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)(hua)、多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)補(bu)(bu)償機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)[21-22]。四是健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)權(quan)益市(shi)(shi)場交(jiao)易機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。在(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)范(fan)圍內(nei)推開碳交(jiao)易市(shi)(shi)場，繼續推動排污權(quan)交(jiao)易、資(zi)源(yuan)權(quan)益交(jiao)易，建(jian)立(li)健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)歸屬清晰、權(quan)責明(ming)確、流(liu)(liu)轉順暢、保護(hu)(hu)嚴格(ge)、監管有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)產權(quan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。五是完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)綠色(se)金(jin)融體系(xi)。引導(dao)和鼓(gu)勵長江(jiang)等(deng)重點流(liu)(liu)域(yu)以及粵港澳大灣區等(deng)重點區域(yu)探(tan)索設(she)立(li)綠色(se)發展基金(jin)，健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)綠色(se)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)(shi)場，完(wan)(wan)(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信用(yong)評價和上(shang)市(shi)(shi)公(gong)司(si)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息披露(lu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。

3.5 建立健全生態(tai)環境治理(li)格局

生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)需要充分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)各(ge)(ge)方治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)積極(ji)性自覺性、能動性，各(ge)(ge)就其(qi)位、各(ge)(ge)司其(qi)職，最大程度(du)動員各(ge)(ge)相(xiang)關方力(li)量(liang)，既要落(luo)(luo)實責(ze)任，也要保障權(quan)益(yi)；既要加大違規懲戒(jie)，也要加強(qiang)正向獎(jiang)懲激勵。一是完(wan)善生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。推(tui)進生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)化(hua)、規范(fan)化(hua)、精(jing)簡化(hua)，形(xing)成中(zhong)央生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)、部門生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)專項(xiang)督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)、省級政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)察體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)分(fen)工、高效協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)作的(de)(de)督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，強(qiang)化(hua)對地方黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)履責(ze)的(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)力(li)度(du)，以督(du)(du)(du)(du)查(cha)落(luo)(luo)實“黨(dang)政(zheng)(zheng)同責(ze)”和(he)(he)(he)“一崗(gang)雙(shuang)責(ze)”。二(er)是建(jian)立(li)(li)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可(ke)證管理(li)(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。建(jian)立(li)(li)基于(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)容(rong)量(liang)管理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可(ke)證為核心，加快整合(he)點源管理(li)(li)(li)手段(duan)，強(qiang)化(hua)許(xu)可(ke)證實施(shi)監(jian)管，完(wan)善排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可(ke)證管理(li)(li)(li)技術體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。三是提升各(ge)(ge)級黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)能力(li)。強(qiang)化(hua)各(ge)(ge)級黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)在生態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)設和(he)(he)(he)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護(hu)(hu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)領導(dao)作用(yong)，推(tui)進開展省級及以下生態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)設績效考核機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。四是推(tui)動形(xing)成美麗(li)中(zhong)國建(jian)設全民(min)行(xing)動體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。提升全民(min)參(can)與環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)意識(shi)和(he)(he)(he)能力(li)，形(xing)成黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)領導(dao)、政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)主(zhu)導(dao)、企業(ye)實施(shi)、社會(hui)參(can)與的(de)(de)大生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)格局(ju)。建(jian)立(li)(li)與完(wan)善人民(min)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)員制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。五(wu)是充分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)人大政(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、“兩法(fa)”治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)功能。積極(ji)推(tui)動法(fa)律監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)與公(gong)眾監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)、輿論監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)相(xiang)結合(he)，將(jiang)政(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)納入政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)協(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)商和(he)(he)(he)民(min)主(zhu)監(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)范(fan)圍(wei)，完(wan)善落(luo)(luo)實和(he)(he)(he)反饋機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。健(jian)全檢察機(ji)關提起(qi)公(gong)益(yi)訴(su)訟制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，與環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)執法(fa)機(ji)關共同推(tui)進環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)。

3.6 積極推動(dong)全球生態環境(jing)治理合(he)作

“十四五(wu)”時期，國(guo)際(ji)(ji)形(xing)勢復(fu)雜多變，充滿不確(que)定性，需(xu)要(yao)履行(xing)好國(guo)際(ji)(ji)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)責任，積極(ji)通過深(shen)化全(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，提供更多全(quan)球(qiu)公(gong)共(gong)(gong)物品，打(da)造人類(lei)(lei)命運共(gong)(gong)同體，為人類(lei)(lei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)事業做出(chu)新(xin)貢獻。一(yi)是(shi)推(tui)動落實(shi)2030年可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)議程(cheng)。動態(tai)(tai)(tai)跟(gen)蹤評(ping)估《2030年可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)議程(cheng)》中生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)目(mu)標(biao)指標(biao)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)，定期發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)布《中國(guo)落實(shi)2030年可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)議程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)報告》。二(er)是(shi)積極(ji)參與(yu)(yu)全(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治理。創新(xin)多邊合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)思(si)路(lu)，加強與(yu)(yu)聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)國(guo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規(gui)劃署、聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)國(guo)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)署、聯(lian)合(he)(he)(he)國(guo)工(gong)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)組織等國(guo)際(ji)(ji)組織和(he)機(ji)構的(de)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)伙(huo)伴關系，積極(ji)參與(yu)(yu)亞太經合(he)(he)(he)組織、金(jin)磚國(guo)家(jia)等合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制(zhi)框架下環(huan)(huan)保領(ling)域交流合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。三是(shi)深(shen)化“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)領(ling)域合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，強化綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”建設與(yu)(yu)共(gong)(gong)建國(guo)家(jia)和(he)地區可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)目(mu)標(biao)與(yu)(yu)戰略政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)協調，推(tui)動《“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色投資(zi)指引》編制(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)，積極(ji)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護標(biao)準國(guo)際(ji)(ji)互認(ren)。四是(shi)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色貿易與(yu)(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色責任投資(zi)。加強對環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)措施(shi)的(de)貿易合(he)(he)(he)規(gui)性審查(cha)，推(tui)動降低、取消重污染行(xing)業產(chan)品的(de)出(chu)口退(tui)稅、適(shi)度提高出(chu)口量較大的(de)“兩高一(yi)資(zi)”行(xing)業的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)標(biao)準，推(tui)動發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保護作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用促進(jin)(jin)供給(gei)側結構性改革，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)持續(xu)(xu)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)(yu)消費及綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色供應鏈(lian)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。

4 強化生態環境政策(ce)改革(ge)配套措施(shi)

4.1建立嚴(yan)密的生(sheng)態環境法(fa)治體系

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)治需要一(yi)(yi)以貫之。“十(shi)四五(wu)”時期，需要進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規體(ti)系(xi)，更(geng)加強(qiang)(qiang)調區域(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)特征性(xing)，更(geng)加強(qiang)(qiang)調地(di)方(fang)差(cha)異性(xing)，積(ji)極(ji)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)區域(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)立(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)標(biao)準(zhun)技術(shu)(shu)工(gong)作(zuo)，鼓勵(li)(li)指導(dao)地(di)方(fang)因地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)宜開展相關立(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)標(biao)準(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)。一(yi)(yi)是繼續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)實施。制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)完(wan)善排(pai)污(wu)許可(ke)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監測管(guan)理、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅線等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面的(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規。研究(jiu)論(lun)證環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)責(ze)任(ren)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)急管(guan)理、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)污(wu)染(ran)責(ze)任(ren)保(bao)險、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規劃(hua)等(deng)(deng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規。二(er)是加強(qiang)(qiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)區域(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)標(biao)準(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)實施。加快制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)實施流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)污(wu)染(ran)排(pai)放標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)技術(shu)(shu)導(dao)則，鼓勵(li)(li)地(di)方(fang)探索制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)型水污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)排(pai)放標(biao)準(zhun)，構建符合我國國情的(de)水質(zhi)基準(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)學(xue)研究(jiu)體(ti)系(xi)，鼓勵(li)(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量較好地(di)區探索制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)更(geng)高要求(qiu)的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)，完(wan)善配套監測方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)標(biao)準(zhun)。三是加強(qiang)(qiang)對地(di)方(fang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)指導(dao)和(he)規范。積(ji)極(ji)支持和(he)推(tui)動地(di)方(fang)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)地(di)方(fang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規或(huo)者規章，突出地(di)方(fang)特色(se)，鼓勵(li)(li)地(di)方(fang)在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)與治理領域(yu)(yu)先于(yu)國家進(jin)(jin)行(xing)立(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。指導(dao)地(di)方(fang)建立(li)與轄區生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)承載能力相適應(ying)的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)體(ti)系(xi)。四是積(ji)極(ji)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)系(xi)建設。完(wan)善行(xing)政執法(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)銜接機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，完(wan)善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)審判(pan)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)程序(xu)，完(wan)善重大環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資源案件管(guan)轄制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。五(wu)是推(tui)進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損(sun)害賠(pei)償制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)公民環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)訴權的(de)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)障(zhang)。推(tui)動環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損(sun)害鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)評估(gu)工(gong)作(zuo)，加快編制(zhi)(zhi)《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損(sun)害鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)評估(gu)技術(shu)(shu)指南(nan)--污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)性(xing)質(zhi)鑒(jian)別》《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損(sun)害鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)評估(gu)技術(shu)(shu)指南(nan)--替(ti)代等(deng)(deng)值分析法(fa)(fa)(fa)》等(deng)(deng)技術(shu)(shu)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，建立(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)公益訴訟(song)專項基金。