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【行(xing)業關注】加(jia)快(kuai)動力電池綠色循環發展

截(jie)至今年9月(yue)底，我國新能源汽車保有量達(da)1821萬輛(liang)，動力電(dian)池(chi)累(lei)計裝(zhuang)車量達(da)975GWh，動力電(dian)池(chi)退役潮已(yi)然來臨。做好退役動力電(dian)池(chi)的回收利(li)用工作(zuo)，形成(cheng)完整的產(chan)業鏈閉環，已(yi)成(cheng)為產(chan)業健(jian)康可持續(xu)發展(zhan)的關鍵。

動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池回(hui)(hui)收利(li)用面臨的問(wen)題與挑戰：一(yi)是生(sheng)產(chan)者責任(ren)延伸(shen)制度落實難度大。一(yi)方(fang)面，市場(chang)端收集的退(tui)役(yi)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池多以(yi)拍賣(mai)、價高者得(de)的方(fang)式(shi)進行(xing)銷售(shou)。另一(yi)方(fang)面，我國動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池回(hui)(hui)收責任(ren)主體(ti)是汽車生(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)業，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池回(hui)(hui)收利(li)用涉(she)及多個交(jiao)叉(cha)學科(ke)，且工藝鏈冗長、技(ji)術(shu)復雜，汽車生(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)業從事動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池回(hui)(hui)收業務技(ji)術(shu)上(shang)存在(zai)短(duan)板。二(er)是現有梯次利(li)用范圍有限(xian)，無法消化未來大規模退(tui)役(yi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。建議：

進(jin)一步明確動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)利用(yong)各(ge)方(fang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)義務(wu)。首先(xian)，應參(can)照鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理經驗，將廢(fei)(fei)舊鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)納入危廢(fei)(fei)管理，確保去(qu)向可(ke)控并得到安(an)全規范(fan)處置。其次，優化我國動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)利用(yong)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)分工：汽(qi)車生(sheng)產企(qi)業或其授權的(de)售后(hou)服務(wu)網(wang)點(dian)負(fu)責(ze)(ze)車輛維修環節的(de)退(tui)役(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)收(shou)集(ji)；汽(qi)車報(bao)廢(fei)(fei)拆解企(qi)業負(fu)責(ze)(ze)車輛報(bao)廢(fei)(fei)環節的(de)退(tui)役(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)收(shou)集(ji)；上述主體收(shou)集(ji)到的(de)退(tui)役(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)應轉交給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)生(sheng)產企(qi)業，由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)生(sheng)產企(qi)業對(dui)其安(an)全、壽命、性能等(deng)進(jin)行科學評(ping)估后(hou)，符合條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)梯次利用(yong)到下一個場(chang)景，不符合條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)直接進(jin)行拆解粉碎等(deng)處理，做成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)材料。

拓展(zhan)退役(yi)(yi)電池(chi)(chi)梯次利(li)用范圍(wei)。新能(neng)源汽車(che)(che)應用場景(jing)越來越廣，如(ru)果(guo)允許在某些場景(jing)退役(yi)(yi)的電池(chi)(chi)應用到其他(ta)場景(jing)，可(ke)以大量緩解退役(yi)(yi)電池(chi)(chi)梯次利(li)用的壓力。建議先(xian)期選擇新能(neng)源汽車(che)(che)保有量高、產(chan)業鏈完整(zheng)、梯次利(li)用經驗基礎好的省(sheng)市開(kai)展(zhan)試點。

（來源：媒體(ti)滾動）