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將應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)(hua)納入(ru)(ru)國(guo)民經濟社(she)會發展規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。自“十二(er)五(wu)”開始，中(zhong)國(guo)將單位(wei)國(guo)內生產總值（GDP）二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳排放（碳排放強度）下降幅度作(zuo)為約束性指(zhi)標(biao)納入(ru)(ru)國(guo)民經濟和(he)社(she)會發展規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)綱要(yao)，并明確應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)(hua)的重(zhong)點任(ren)(ren)務、重(zhong)要(yao)領域(yu)和(he)重(zhong)大工程(cheng)。中(zhong)國(guo)“十四(si)五(wu)”規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)和(he)2035年(nian)遠景(jing)目標(biao)綱要(yao)將“2025年(nian)單位(wei)GDP二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳排放較2020年(nian)降低18%”作(zuo)為約束性指(zhi)標(biao)。中(zhong)國(guo)各省（區、市）均將應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)為“十四(si)五(wu)”規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)的重(zhong)要(yao)內容，明確具體目標(biao)和(he)工作(zuo)任(ren)(ren)務。

建(jian)立應對(dui)氣候(hou)變化目(mu)標(biao)(biao)分(fen)解落實(shi)機制(zhi)。為確(que)保規劃目(mu)標(biao)(biao)落實(shi)，綜合考(kao)(kao)慮各省(sheng)（區(qu)(qu)、市(shi)）發展(zhan)階段、資源稟(bing)賦(fu)、戰略定位、生態環保等因素(su)，中國分(fen)類確(que)定省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)碳排放控制(zhi)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，并對(dui)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)政府開展(zhan)控制(zhi)溫(wen)室(shi)氣體排放目(mu)標(biao)(biao)責(ze)任(ren)進行(xing)考(kao)(kao)核(he)，將(jiang)其作為各省(sheng)（區(qu)(qu)、市(shi)）主(zhu)要(yao)負(fu)責(ze)人和領導班子綜合考(kao)(kao)核(he)評價(jia)、干部獎懲任(ren)免等重要(yao)依據。省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)政府對(dui)下一級(ji)(ji)行(xing)政區(qu)(qu)域控制(zhi)溫(wen)室(shi)氣體排放目(mu)標(biao)(biao)責(ze)任(ren)也開展(zhan)相(xiang)應考(kao)(kao)核(he)，確(que)保應對(dui)氣候(hou)變化與溫(wen)室(shi)氣體減排工作落地見效(xiao)。

不(bu)(bu)斷強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)自主(zhu)(zhu)貢獻(xian)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)。2015年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)確定了到(dao)2030年的自主(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)：二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳排放(fang)2030年左右達(da)到(dao)峰值(zhi)(zhi)并爭取盡早達(da)峰。截至2019年底，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)已經提前(qian)(qian)超額(e)完成2020年氣候行(xing)動(dong)(dong)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)。2020年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)宣布(bu)國(guo)(guo)家自主(zhu)(zhu)貢獻(xian)新目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)舉措：中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳排放(fang)力(li)爭于(yu)2030年前(qian)(qian)達(da)到(dao)峰值(zhi)(zhi)，努(nu)力(li)爭取2060年前(qian)(qian)實(shi)現碳中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)；到(dao)2030年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)單位GDP二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳排放(fang)將比(bi)2005年下降65%以(yi)上，非化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)能源占一次能源消費比(bi)重將達(da)到(dao)25%左右，森(sen)(sen)林蓄(xu)積(ji)量(liang)將比(bi)2005年增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)60億立方米，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)將達(da)到(dao)12億千瓦以(yi)上。相比(bi)2015年提出的自主(zhu)(zhu)貢獻(xian)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)，時(shi)間更(geng)緊(jin)迫，碳排放(fang)強度削(xue)減幅(fu)度更(geng)大(da)，非化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)能源占一次能源消費比(bi)重再增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)五個百分點，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)非化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)能源裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)，森(sen)(sen)林蓄(xu)積(ji)量(liang)再增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)15億立方米，明確爭取2060年前(qian)(qian)實(shi)現碳中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)。2021年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)宣布(bu)不(bu)(bu)再新建境外煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目(mu)(mu)，展(zhan)現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)應(ying)對氣候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的實(shi)際(ji)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)。

加快構(gou)建(jian)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)“1+N”政策體(ti)系(xi)。中國制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)并發布碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)工(gong)作頂(ding)層設計文件，編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)2030年前碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)行動(dong)方(fang)案(an)，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)能源(yuan)、工(gong)業、城鄉建(jian)設、交(jiao)通運輸(shu)、農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村等(deng)分領域分行業碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)實施(shi)方(fang)案(an)，積極(ji)謀劃(hua)科技、財(cai)政、金融、價格(ge)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)匯、能源(yuan)轉(zhuan)型、減污(wu)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)協同等(deng)保障方(fang)案(an)，進一步明(ming)確碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)的(de)時(shi)間表、路線圖、施(shi)工(gong)圖，加快形(xing)成目標(biao)明(ming)確、分工(gong)合理(li)、措(cuo)施(shi)有力、銜接(jie)有序的(de)政策體(ti)系(xi)和(he)(he)工(gong)作格(ge)局(ju)，全面推動(dong)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)(feng)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)各項工(gong)作取得積極(ji)成效(xiao)。

（二）堅定(ding)走綠(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)發展(zhan)道路

中國一(yi)直(zhi)本(ben)著負責任的態(tai)度積(ji)極應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)，將應(ying)對(dui)氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)作為實現(xian)發展方(fang)式(shi)轉變(bian)的重大機遇(yu)，積(ji)極探索符合中國國情的綠色低碳(tan)發展道路。走綠色低碳(tan)發展的道路，既不會(hui)超(chao)出資源(yuan)、能源(yuan)、環境的極限，又有利于實現(xian)碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中和目標，把地(di)球(qiu)家園呵護好。

實施減(jian)污(wu)降碳協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。實現(xian)減(jian)污(wu)降碳協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)增效(xiao)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)新發(fa)展階段經濟社會發(fa)展全面(mian)綠色轉型的(de)必然選擇(ze)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)2015年修訂的(de)大氣(qi)污(wu)染防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)專門增加(jia)條款，為(wei)實施大氣(qi)污(wu)染物和(he)(he)(he)(he)溫室氣(qi)體(ti)協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)控制(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)開展減(jian)污(wu)降碳協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)增效(xiao)工作(zuo)(zuo)提供法(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)礎。為(wei)加(jia)快推(tui)(tui)進應(ying)對氣(qi)候變化(hua)與生(sheng)態環(huan)境保護(hu)相關職能協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)、工作(zuo)(zuo)協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)機(ji)制(zhi)協(xie)(xie)(xie)同(tong)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)從(cong)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略規(gui)劃、政(zheng)策法(fa)規(gui)、制(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系、試點示范、國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)合作(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)方面(mian)，明(ming)確統(tong)籌和(he)(he)(he)(he)加(jia)強應(ying)對氣(qi)候變化(hua)與生(sheng)態環(huan)境保護(hu)的(de)主要領域和(he)(he)(he)(he)重點任務。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)圍(wei)繞(rao)打好污(wu)染防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攻堅戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，重點把藍天保衛戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、柴油(you)貨車治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)、長江保護(hu)修復、渤海綜合治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)、城市(shi)黑臭水(shui)體(ti)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)、水(shui)源(yuan)地保護(hu)、農業(ye)農村污(wu)染治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)七場標(biao)志性重大戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)突破口和(he)(he)(he)(he)“牛鼻子”，制(zhi)定作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)計劃和(he)(he)(he)(he)方案，細化(hua)目標(biao)任務、重點舉措和(he)(he)(he)(he)保障條件(jian)，以重點突破帶動整體(ti)推(tui)(tui)進，推(tui)(tui)動生(sheng)態環(huan)境質量(liang)明(ming)顯改(gai)善。

加快(kuai)形成(cheng)綠色發展的空(kong)(kong)間(jian)格局。國土是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建設的空(kong)(kong)間(jian)載體，必須尊重(zhong)自然(ran)，給自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)留下休(xiu)養生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)的時(shi)間(jian)和空(kong)(kong)間(jian)。中(zhong)國主動作為，精準施策，科學有序統(tong)籌布(bu)局農業(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)、城(cheng)鎮等功(gong)能(neng)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)，開(kai)展永久基(ji)本(ben)農田、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)紅線(xian)、城(cheng)鎮開(kai)發邊界“三條控制線(xian)”劃(hua)定試點(dian)工作。將自然(ran)保護(hu)地(di)、未納入自然(ran)保護(hu)地(di)但生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功(gong)能(neng)極重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)極脆弱的區域(yu)，以(yi)及(ji)具有潛在重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)價值的區域(yu)劃(hua)入生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)紅線(xian)，推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong)休(xiu)養生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)，提高(gao)固碳能(neng)力。

大力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。建立健全綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳循環發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)經(jing)濟體(ti)系，促進(jin)經(jing)濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)全面(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)轉型(xing)，是解決資源(yuan)環境(jing)生(sheng)態問題的基礎之(zhi)策。為推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)形成綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)式和(he)生(sheng)活方(fang)(fang)式，中國(guo)制定國(guo)家(jia)戰(zhan)略性新(xin)(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規劃，以綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳技術創新(xin)(xin)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)為重點，引(yin)導綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)消費，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，提升(sheng)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)汽車(che)(che)和(he)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的應(ying)用(yong)比(bi)例，全面(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)高(gao)效節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、先進(jin)環保和(he)資源(yuan)循環利(li)用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體(ti)系建設，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)汽車(che)(che)、新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)和(he)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環保產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)快速壯大，積極推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)統(tong)一的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品認證與標識體(ti)系建設，增(zeng)加綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品供給，積極培育(yu)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)市場。持續(xu)推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構調整(zheng)，發(fa)布并持續(xu)修訂產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)指導目錄，引(yin)導社會投資方(fang)(fang)向，改造提升(sheng)傳統(tong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)制造業(ye)(ye)高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，大力(li)培育(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，更有力(li)支持節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環保、清(qing)潔生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)等綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低(di)碳產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。

堅決遏制(zhi)高(gao)(gao)耗(hao)能(neng)高(gao)(gao)排放(fang)項目(mu)盲目(mu)發(fa)展。中(zhong)國持續嚴(yan)格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)高(gao)(gao)耗(hao)能(neng)、高(gao)(gao)排放(fang)（以下(xia)簡(jian)稱“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”）項目(mu)盲目(mu)擴張，依(yi)法依(yi)規淘汰(tai)落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)能(neng)，加(jia)快化(hua)解過(guo)剩產(chan)(chan)能(neng)。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)鐵、鐵合金、焦化(hua)等(deng)13個(ge)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)準(zhun)入條件，提高(gao)(gao)在(zai)土地(di)、環保、節能(neng)、技術、安全等(deng)方面的(de)準(zhun)入標(biao)準(zhun)，落(luo)實國家差別電價政策，提高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)耗(hao)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)品差別電價標(biao)準(zhun)，擴大差別電價實施范圍。公布12批重點工(gong)業(ye)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)淘汰(tai)落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)能(neng)企業(ye)名單(dan)，2018年至2020年連續開展淘汰(tai)落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)能(neng)督查(cha)(cha)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)，持續推(tui)動落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)能(neng)依(yi)法依(yi)規退出(chu)。中(zhong)國把堅決遏制(zhi)“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目(mu)盲目(mu)發(fa)展作(zuo)為(wei)抓好(hao)碳達峰碳中(zhong)和工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)當務之急和重中(zhong)之重，組織(zhi)各地(di)區全面梳理(li)摸排“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目(mu)，分類(lei)提出(chu)處置(zhi)意見，開展“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目(mu)專(zhuan)項檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)，嚴(yan)肅查(cha)(cha)處違規建設運行(xing)(xing)的(de)“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目(mu)，對(dui)“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)”項目(mu)實行(xing)(xing)清單(dan)管理(li)、分類(lei)處置(zhi)、動態監(jian)控(kong)(kong)。建立通報批評(ping)、用能(neng)預警(jing)、約(yue)談問責等(deng)工(gong)作(zuo)機制(zhi)，逐步形成一(yi)套完(wan)善的(de)制(zhi)度體系和監(jian)管體系。

優化(hua)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)領域是溫(wen)室氣體(ti)排放的(de)(de)主要來源(yuan)，中國(guo)(guo)不(bu)斷加(jia)(jia)大節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減排力度，加(jia)(jia)快能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)，構(gou)建清(qing)潔低碳(tan)安全(quan)(quan)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系。確立能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)安全(quan)(quan)新戰略，推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)、供給革(ge)(ge)命(ming)、技術革(ge)(ge)命(ming)、體(ti)制革(ge)(ge)命(ming)，全(quan)(quan)方位(wei)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)際合作，優先發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)非化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，推(tui)進水電(dian)綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，全(quan)(quan)面協調(diao)推(tui)進風(feng)電(dian)和(he)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)開(kai)發(fa)，在確保安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)前提(ti)下(xia)有序發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)核電(dian)，因地制宜發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)物質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、地熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)海洋能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，全(quan)(quan)面提(ti)升可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用率。積極推(tui)動煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭供給側結(jie)構(gou)性改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，化(hua)解煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭過剩產能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭安全(quan)(quan)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)綠色開(kai)發(fa)和(he)清(qing)潔高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)開(kai)發(fa)利用，推(tui)動煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)行業清(qing)潔高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)高(gao)(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，大力推(tui)動煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)費(fei)減量替代和(he)散煤(mei)(mei)(mei)綜合治理，推(tui)進終端(duan)用能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)領域以電(dian)代煤(mei)(mei)(mei)、以電(dian)代油。深(shen)化(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，促(cu)進能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)配置。

強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)與能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提升。為進(jin)一步(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)和提升能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)責任(ren)落實(shi)，中國實(shi)施(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度和總量雙控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)度，設(she)(she)定省級能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度和總量控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)并進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)(jian)督考核。把(ba)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)納(na)入生態文明、綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)等績效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)評(ping)價指標(biao)(biao)(biao)體系，引導(dao)轉變發(fa)展(zhan)理念。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)重(zhong)點(dian)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)單位(wei)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)理，組(zu)織實(shi)施(shi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)重(zhong)點(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)先進(jin)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)推(tui)廣，發(fa)布煤炭(tan)、電(dian)力、鋼鐵、有(you)色(se)、石化(hua)、化(hua)工(gong)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)材等13個行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)共260項重(zhong)點(dian)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)“領(ling)跑者(zhe)”制(zhi)(zhi)度，健全能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識制(zhi)(zhi)度，發(fa)布15批(pi)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率標(biao)(biao)(biao)識的產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)目錄及(ji)相關實(shi)施(shi)細則。加(jia)(jia)快推(tui)行(xing)(xing)(xing)合同能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)理，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)法規標(biao)(biao)(biao)準約(yue)束，發(fa)布實(shi)施(shi)340多項國家節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準，積極推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證，已(yi)頒(ban)發(fa)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證證書(shu)近5萬張，助力節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)公(gong)(gong)共機(ji)(ji)構節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)增效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)示范(fan)引領(ling)，35%左右的縣級及(ji)以上黨政機(ji)(ji)關建(jian)(jian)(jian)成節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)型(xing)機(ji)(ji)關，中央國家機(ji)(ji)關本級全部建(jian)(jian)(jian)成節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)型(xing)機(ji)(ji)關，累計創建(jian)(jian)(jian)5114家節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)型(xing)公(gong)(gong)共機(ji)(ji)構示范(fan)單位(wei)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，實(shi)施(shi)國家工(gong)業(ye)專(zhuan)項節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)監(jian)(jian)察、工(gong)業(ye)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)診斷行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、通用(yong)設(she)(she)備(bei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提升行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)及(ji)工(gong)業(ye)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)與綠(lv)色(se)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)需(xu)(xu)求側(ce)管(guan)理，大力開(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域電(dian)力需(xu)(xu)求側(ce)管(guan)理示范(fan)企業(ye)（園區(qu)）創建(jian)(jian)(jian)及(ji)參考產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)（技(ji)(ji)術(shu)）遴選工(gong)作，實(shi)現用(yong)電(dian)管(guan)理可視化(hua)、自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)。

推動(dong)自(zi)然資(zi)(zi)源節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)集(ji)(ji)約(yue)利(li)用(yong)。為(wei)推進生態文明(ming)建(jian)設(she)，中國把堅持節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)資(zi)(zi)源和(he)保(bao)護環境作為(wei)一(yi)項(xiang)基本(ben)國策。大(da)力(li)(li)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)集(ji)(ji)約(yue)利(li)用(yong)資(zi)(zi)源，推動(dong)資(zi)(zi)源利(li)用(yong)方(fang)式根本(ben)轉變，深化(hua)(hua)增量安排與消(xiao)化(hua)(hua)存量掛鉤機制(zhi)(zhi)，改革土(tu)地計(ji)劃(hua)管(guan)理方(fang)式，倒(dao)逼(bi)各省（區(qu)、市）下(xia)大(da)力(li)(li)氣盤活(huo)存量。嚴(yan)(yan)格土(tu)地使用(yong)標(biao)(biao)準控制(zhi)(zhi)，先后(hou)組織開(kai)展(zhan)了公(gong)路、工業、光伏、機場等用(yong)地標(biao)(biao)準的制(zhi)(zhi)修(xiu)訂工作，嚴(yan)(yan)格依據標(biao)(biao)準審核建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目土(tu)地使用(yong)情況。開(kai)展(zhan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)集(ji)(ji)約(yue)用(yong)地考核評(ping)價，大(da)力(li)(li)推廣節(jie)(jie)(jie)地技(ji)術和(he)節(jie)(jie)(jie)地模式。積極(ji)推動(dong)礦(kuang)業綠(lv)色(se)發展(zhan)。加大(da)綠(lv)色(se)礦(kuang)山建(jian)設(she)力(li)(li)度，全面建(jian)立和(he)實施礦(kuang)產資(zi)(zi)源開(kai)采利(li)用(yong)最(zui)低指標(biao)(biao)和(he)“領跑(pao)者”指標(biao)(biao)管(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度，發布360項(xiang)礦(kuang)產資(zi)(zi)源節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)和(he)綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)先進適(shi)用(yong)技(ji)術。加強(qiang)海洋資(zi)(zi)源用(yong)途管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)，除國家重大(da)項(xiang)目外，全面禁止圍填(tian)海。積極(ji)推進圍填(tian)海歷史遺(yi)留問題區(qu)域(yu)生態保(bao)護修(xiu)復，嚴(yan)(yan)格保(bao)護自(zi)然岸線。

積(ji)極探(tan)索(suo)(suo)低(di)(di)(di)碳發展(zhan)新模式。中國(guo)(guo)積(ji)極探(tan)索(suo)(suo)低(di)(di)(di)碳發展(zhan)模式，鼓勵地(di)方、行業、企業因(yin)地(di)制宜探(tan)索(suo)(suo)低(di)(di)(di)碳發展(zhan)路徑，在能源(yuan)、工業、建(jian)筑、交通(tong)等領(ling)(ling)域(yu)開展(zhan)綠色低(di)(di)(di)碳相關試點(dian)示范(fan)(fan)，初步形成了(le)全(quan)方位、多層次的低(di)(di)(di)碳試點(dian)體系(xi)(xi)。中國(guo)(guo)先(xian)后(hou)在10個(ge)省（市）和(he)(he)77個(ge)城市開展(zhan)低(di)(di)(di)碳試點(dian)工作，在組(zu)織領(ling)(ling)導、配套政策、市場機制、統(tong)計(ji)體系(xi)(xi)、評價(jia)考核、協同示范(fan)(fan)和(he)(he)合(he)作交流等方面探(tan)索(suo)(suo)低(di)(di)(di)碳發展(zhan)模式和(he)(he)制度(du)創新。試點(dian)地(di)區碳排(pai)放強度(du)下降幅(fu)度(du)總體快于全(quan)國(guo)(guo)平均水平，形成了(le)一批各(ge)具特色的低(di)(di)(di)碳發展(zhan)模式。

（三）加大溫(wen)室氣體排放(fang)控制力度

中國(guo)將應對氣(qi)候(hou)變化全(quan)面融入(ru)國(guo)家(jia)經(jing)濟社會(hui)發展的(de)總(zong)戰略(lve)，采取積極措施，有(you)效控制重點工業(ye)行業(ye)溫室氣(qi)體排放，推動(dong)城鄉建設和建筑領域綠色(se)低碳發展，構建綠色(se)低碳交通體系(xi)，推動(dong)非二氧(yang)化碳溫室氣(qi)體減排，統籌推進山(shan)水林田(tian)湖草(cao)沙系(xi)統治理，嚴(yan)格落實相關舉(ju)措，持(chi)續提升生態(tai)碳匯能(neng)力。

有(you)效控制重點工業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)溫(wen)室(shi)氣體排(pai)放(fang)(fang)。強化(hua)鋼鐵、建材、化(hua)工、有(you)色(se)(se)金屬等(deng)重點行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)能源(yuan)消費及碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)管(guan)理，實施(shi)(shi)低碳(tan)(tan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)桿引領(ling)計劃，推(tui)動重點行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)開展(zhan)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)對(dui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)活動，推(tui)行(xing)(xing)綠色(se)(se)制造，推(tui)進工業(ye)(ye)綠色(se)(se)化(hua)改(gai)(gai)造。加(jia)(jia)強工業(ye)(ye)過程溫(wen)室(shi)氣體排(pai)放(fang)(fang)控制，通過原(yuan)料替代、改(gai)(gai)善生(sheng)產(chan)工藝、改(gai)(gai)進設備使用等(deng)措施(shi)(shi)積極(ji)控制工業(ye)(ye)過程溫(wen)室(shi)氣體排(pai)放(fang)(fang)。加(jia)(jia)強再生(sheng)資源(yuan)回收利(li)用，提高資源(yuan)利(li)用效率，減少資源(yuan)全生(sheng)命(ming)周期二氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)。

推(tui)動城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)領域綠(lv)色低碳發展(zhan)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)節(jie)能低碳城(cheng)市和(he)相(xiang)關基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)，以(yi)綠(lv)色發展(zhan)引領鄉村振(zhen)興。推(tui)廣綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，逐步完善(shan)綠(lv)色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)評(ping)價(jia)標準(zhun)體系。開(kai)展(zhan)超(chao)低能耗、近零能耗建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)示范。推(tui)動既有居(ju)住建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)能改(gai)造，提(ti)升(sheng)公共建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能效(xiao)水平，加強可再生能源建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)應用。大(da)力(li)開(kai)展(zhan)綠(lv)色低碳宜居(ju)村鎮(zhen)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，結合農村危房(fang)改(gai)造開(kai)展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)能示范，引導(dao)農戶建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)節(jie)能農房(fang)，加快推(tui)進中(zhong)國北(bei)方地區冬(dong)季(ji)清潔取暖(nuan)。