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最高(gao)人民檢察(cha)院關于(yu)人民檢察(cha)院生態環(huan)境(jing)和資(zi)源保護檢察(cha)工作情況的(de)報告

——2023年(nian)10月(yue)21日在第(di)(di)十四屆全(quan)國人民代表大會常務委員會第(di)(di)六次會議上

最高(gao)人(ren)民檢察院檢察長 應勇?

全國人(ren)民代表大(da)會常務委(wei)員(yuan)會：

根據(ju)本次會議安(an)排，我代(dai)表最(zui)高人民(min)檢察(cha)院(yuan)報告人民(min)檢察(cha)院(yuan)生(sheng)態環境和資源保護檢察(cha)工作(zuo)情(qing)況，請(qing)審(shen)議。

生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設是關系中華(hua)民族(zu)永續(xu)發(fa)展的根(gen)本大計。黨(dang)的十八大以(yi)來(lai)，以(yi)習近平同志為(wei)核心的黨(dang)中央把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設作為(wei)統籌推進(jin)“五(wu)位一體(ti)”總(zong)體(ti)布局和(he)協調推進(jin)“四個(ge)全面”戰略(lve)布局的重要內容，以(yi)前所未有的決心和(he)力度(du)開(kai)展了(le)一系列開(kai)創性(xing)工作，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)歷(li)史性(xing)、轉折性(xing)、全局性(xing)變化，成(cheng)為(wei)新時(shi)代(dai)黨(dang)和(he)國家事業取(qu)得歷(li)史性(xing)成(cheng)就、發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)歷(li)史性(xing)變革的顯著標(biao)志。習近平總(zong)書記親自推進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)理論(lun)創新、實踐創新、制度(du)創新，提(ti)出一系列新理念(nian)新思想新戰略(lve)，形成(cheng)習近平生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)思想，為(wei)新時(shi)代(dai)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設提(ti)供(gong)了(le)根(gen)本遵循。

人民(min)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)的(de)法(fa)(fa)律監(jian)督(du)機(ji)關，是(shi)(shi)(shi)保障(zhang)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)法(fa)(fa)律統(tong)一正確實施的(de)司法(fa)(fa)機(ji)關，是(shi)(shi)(shi)保護國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)利益(yi)和社會(hui)公(gong)共(gong)利益(yi)的(de)重要力量(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)監(jian)督(du)體系的(de)重要組(zu)成部分(fen)，在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)肩(jian)負著(zhu)重要責任。各級檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關堅持(chi)以習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)新時代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主義思(si)想(xiang)為(wei)指導(dao)，深入貫徹習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)思(si)想(xiang)、習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)思(si)想(xiang)，積(ji)極踐行(xing)(xing)綠水青山(shan)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)金山(shan)銀(yin)山(shan)的(de)理念，始終把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境和資源保護工作擺在(zai)突出位(wei)置(zhi)，自覺為(wei)大(da)局服(fu)務(wu)、為(wei)人民(min)司法(fa)(fa)、為(wei)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)擔當(dang)，統(tong)籌(chou)發揮刑事、民(min)事、行(xing)(xing)政、公(gong)益(yi)訴訟“四大(da)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)”職能，主動加(jia)強與其他職能部門協(xie)作聯動，持(chi)續深化生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)司法(fa)(fa)保護，充分(fen)運(yun)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)力量(liang)服(fu)務(wu)美麗(li)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設(she)。

一、主要工作和(he)成效

近年(nian)(nian)來，伴隨生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設取得(de)舉世矚目(mu)的偉(wei)大成就(jiu)，生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)和資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保護檢察(cha)工作扎實推(tui)進(jin)。2018年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)今年(nian)(nian)6月，全國檢察(cha)機關共(gong)辦理(li)各類環境(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)案件(jian)(jian)82.3萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)。其中，2018年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)受(shou)理(li)審查(cha)逮捕(bu)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)犯罪(zui)案件(jian)(jian)6.5萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，比前五年(nian)(nian)上(shang)升(sheng)55.7%；受(shou)理(li)審查(cha)起訴21萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，比前五年(nian)(nian)上(shang)升(sheng)94.2%；辦理(li)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)民(min)事行政檢察(cha)監督案件(jian)(jian)6.3萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，年(nian)(nian)均上(shang)升(sheng)54.5%；立案辦理(li)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)(jing)和資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保護領域公(gong)益訴訟39.5萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，年(nian)(nian)均上(shang)升(sheng)12.5%。

（一(yi)）堅持(chi)嚴的基調，依法懲治環境(jing)資源(yuan)犯罪。習近平總書(shu)記反復強調“要(yao)始終堅持用(yong)最嚴(yan)格制(zhi)度最嚴(yan)密法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)”。最高人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民檢察(cha)院(yuan)深(shen)入貫徹(che)《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央 國務院(yuan)關于深(shen)入打好污染(ran)防治(zhi)攻堅戰的意見》和(he)全國人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)大(da)(da)常委會(hui)決(jue)議，2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)同最高人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、公安(an)部(bu)等制(zhi)定(ding)《關于辦理環境(jing)(jing)污染(ran)刑事(shi)案件有關問題座(zuo)談會(hui)紀要(yao)》，今(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月會(hui)同最高人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)發(fa)(fa)布司(si)法(fa)(fa)解釋，加大(da)(da)對污染(ran)環境(jing)(jing)類犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)懲(cheng)治(zhi)力度。經持續(xu)嚴(yan)懲(cheng)，此(ci)類犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)呈(cheng)下(xia)降趨(qu)勢。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)至今(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月，受(shou)理審查起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)污染(ran)環境(jing)(jing)類犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)4.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。其(qi)中(zhong)，2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)比2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降31.7%。堅決(jue)懲(cheng)治(zhi)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)排放、傾倒(dao)或(huo)者處(chu)置(zhi)危險(xian)廢物犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)，2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi)協同生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)部(bu)、公安(an)部(bu)專項整(zheng)治(zhi)，牽(qian)頭發(fa)(fa)布典型案例(li)，起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)相關犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)8680人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。某(mou)廢鋁加工點將熔煉中(zhong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的大(da)(da)量鋁灰(hui)交由無(wu)資質人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)轉(zhuan)運、傾倒(dao)、填埋，浙江檢察(cha)機(ji)關以污染(ran)環境(jing)(jing)罪(zui)(zui)起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)18人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，并推(tui)動當(dang)地建(jian)起(qi)危險(xian)廢物集中(zhong)處(chu)置(zhi)中(zhong)心(xin)。加大(da)(da)對破壞(huai)資源保(bao)護(hu)類犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)打擊力度，此(ci)類犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)呈(cheng)上升(sheng)趨(qu)勢。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)至今(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月受(shou)理審查起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)35.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。其(qi)中(zhong)，2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)比2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)上升(sheng)47.6%。嚴(yan)守(shou)耕(geng)地紅線，依法(fa)(fa)懲(cheng)治(zhi)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)占用(yong)農(nong)用(yong)地犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)，起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)2.7萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。針對盜采礦(kuang)產(chan)(chan)資源犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)多(duo)發(fa)(fa)，起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)采礦(kuang)、破壞(huai)性采礦(kuang)犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)3.9萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，制(zhi)發(fa)(fa)典型案例(li)，今(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月會(hui)同公安(an)部(bu)、中(zhong)國海(hai)警局專項整(zheng)治(zhi)盜采海(hai)砂(sha)違法(fa)(fa)犯(fan)(fan)罪(zui)(zui)。

（二）依法維(wei)護(hu)公益，充分履行生(sheng)態環境和資源保護(hu)領域公益訴(su)訟(song)檢察職責。良好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境是最(zui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)的公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共產品，是最(zui)普惠的民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)福祉(zhi)。檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)忠(zhong)實履行(xing)(xing)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共利益(yi)(yi)代表”的神(shen)圣職責，2018年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)今(jin)年(nian)(nian)6月，共辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境和(he)(he)資源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)政公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)38.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)、民事(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)5.9萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)。向行(xing)(xing)政機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)發(fa)(fa)出訴前(qian)(qian)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)建議32.6萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，行(xing)(xing)政機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)回復(fu)(fu)整(zheng)改(gai)率99.3%，絕大(da)(da)多(duo)數公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)問題在(zai)訴前(qian)(qian)得到解(jie)決(jue)(jue)。對于(yu)訴前(qian)(qian)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)不(bu)了問題、具有示范意(yi)義的案(an)件(jian)(jian)，堅(jian)持(chi)以“訴”的確認體現司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)價值(zhi)引領(ling)，提起(qi)訴訟(song)2.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)已審結2.2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)，99.8%得到裁判(pan)支(zhi)持(chi)。服(fu)務(wu)打(da)好(hao)藍天保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰(zhan)。助(zhu)力(li)大(da)(da)氣污染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)，辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)該領(ling)域(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)件(jian)(jian)。某(mou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)動車(che)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)服(fu)務(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司通過使用(yong)(yong)排放(fang)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)作弊設(she)備，篡改(gai)汽車(che)尾氣數據，幫助(zhu)不(bu)合(he)格車(che)輛(liang)逃避監管。江(jiang)(jiang)蘇檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)在(zai)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)起(qi)訴涉案(an)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司及作弊設(she)備生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、銷售、使用(yong)(yong)等(deng)環節16名被(bei)告人(ren)的同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，對相(xiang)關(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司和(he)(he)人(ren)員提起(qi)民事(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)追究生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境損(sun)(sun)害(hai)賠償(chang)責任(ren)。服(fu)務(wu)打(da)好(hao)碧水(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰(zhan)。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部(bu)(bu)(bu)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)部(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)河(he)(he)湖安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)動。認真貫(guan)徹長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，連續舉(ju)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)四屆(jie)(jie)服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)(bao)障長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)濟帶(dai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)論(lun)(lun)壇(tan)，出臺服(fu)務(wu)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)濟帶(dai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)10項(xiang)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)舉(ju)措。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)部(bu)(bu)(bu)、農業農村部(bu)(bu)(bu)、市場監管總局等(deng)9部(bu)(bu)(bu)門專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)整(zheng)治(zhi)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)捕撈，助(zhu)力(li)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)十年(nian)(nian)禁漁。長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)沿(yan)線(xian)港口眾多(duo)，船舶(bo)污染(ran)(ran)成(cheng)為頑疾，最(zui)高(gao)(gao)人(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)直接以公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)立案(an)，沿(yan)江(jiang)(jiang)11省(sheng)市檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)同(tong)(tong)步辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)關(guan)聯案(an)件(jian)(jian)532件(jian)(jian)，推動多(duo)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門協同(tong)(tong)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)流域(yu)(yu)聯動治(zhi)理(li)。認真貫(guan)徹黃河(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，制定服(fu)務(wu)黃河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)18條(tiao)意(yi)見。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利部(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)“攜手清四亂、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)母親(qin)河(he)(he)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)行(xing)(xing)動，今(jin)年(nian)(nian)4月聯合(he)舉(ju)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)首屆(jie)(jie)服(fu)務(wu)保(bao)(bao)障黃河(he)(he)國(guo)家戰(zhan)略檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)論(lun)(lun)壇(tan)，部(bu)(bu)(bu)署開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)黃河(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)行(xing)(xing)動，聯合(he)發(fa)(fa)布協同(tong)(tong)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)黃河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)典型案(an)例。開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)“守(shou)護(hu)(hu)(hu)海洋(yang)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)監督(du)，會(hui)同(tong)(tong)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)發(fa)(fa)布首個海洋(yang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)解(jie)釋(shi)，辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)海洋(yang)環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)5388件(jian)(jian)。服(fu)務(wu)打(da)好(hao)凈土(tu)保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰(zhan)。依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)督(du)促整(zheng)治(zhi)被(bei)非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占用(yong)(yong)、污染(ran)(ran)損(sun)(sun)毀的耕地(di)、林地(di)、濕地(di)、草(cao)原等(deng)786萬(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)畝，助(zhu)力(li)守(shou)牢國(guo)土(tu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)。某(mou)地(di)一行(xing)(xing)政主管部(bu)(bu)(bu)門批準將130余(yu)畝耕地(di)臨時(shi)用(yong)(yong)作項(xiang)目建設(she)取土(tu)場。項(xiang)目結束(shu)后土(tu)地(di)未復(fu)(fu)墾，又(you)被(bei)租賃用(yong)(yong)于(yu)建設(she)廠房，種(zhong)植條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)被(bei)嚴重(zhong)破壞。山(shan)東檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)經(jing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)調查，以檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)建議督(du)促主管部(bu)(bu)(bu)門履行(xing)(xing)耕地(di)修復(fu)(fu)監管職責，該部(bu)(bu)(bu)門仍怠(dai)于(yu)履職，遂提起(qi)行(xing)(xing)政公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)，督(du)促復(fu)(fu)墾被(bei)損(sun)(sun)毀的耕地(di)。推廣江(jiang)(jiang)蘇、貴州等(deng)地(di)經(jing)驗(yan)，以公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)推動整(zheng)治(zhi)電(dian)捕蚯蚓嚴重(zhong)破壞土(tu)壤生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)行(xing)(xing)為。遼寧、吉林、黑龍(long)江(jiang)(jiang)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)深入(ru)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)“保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)黑土(tu)地(di)、守(shou)護(hu)(hu)(hu)大(da)(da)糧(liang)倉”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴訟(song)專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)活動。

（三）加強訴訟監督(du)，促(cu)進提升環境資源(yuan)執法(fa)司法(fa)質(zhi)效。檢察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)在(zai)生態文明(ming)法(fa)(fa)治保障中(zhong)(zhong)肩負雙(shuang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)責任(ren)，既(ji)要確(que)(que)(que)保自(zi)身嚴格依法(fa)(fa)辦(ban)案(an)(an)(an)(an)，又要履行(xing)(xing)(xing)好訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)職能，促進其他執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)司法(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)嚴格執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)、公(gong)正司法(fa)(fa)。刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)，分別與(yu)公(gong)安部(bu)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)海(hai)警(jing)局共(gong)建(jian)(jian)偵查監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)與(yu)協(xie)作(zuo)配(pei)合(he)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制，實(shi)現(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)關(guan)口前移，從源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭上規范(fan)辦(ban)案(an)(an)(an)(an)。王某非(fei)法(fa)(fa)收(shou)購廢舊(jiu)鉛(qian)蓄電池煉鉛(qian)，排放的(de)廢物(wu)(wu)導致空氣嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污(wu)染、土壤中(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)超標。公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)以(yi)(yi)其涉(she)(she)嫌(xian)污(wu)染環(huan)境(jing)罪提(ti)(ti)(ti)請(qing)批準(zhun)逮捕，河南檢察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)認(ren)(ren)真(zhen)審(shen)查，追(zhui)(zhui)捕、追(zhui)(zhui)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)26名同(tong)(tong)案(an)(an)(an)(an)犯(fan)，全部(bu)被判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)處有(you)期徒刑(xing)(xing)。持(chi)續開(kai)(kai)展環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)犯(fan)罪專(zhuan)項立案(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，防(fang)止有(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)不立、有(you)罪不究。2018年(nian)至今(jin)年(nian)6月(yue)，對(dui)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)應立案(an)(an)(an)(an)而未立案(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，督(du)(du)(du)(du)促公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)立案(an)(an)(an)(an)9543件(jian)(jian)(jian)；認(ren)(ren)為(wei)不應立案(an)(an)(an)(an)而立案(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)糾正意見9368件(jian)(jian)(jian)，公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)撤案(an)(an)(an)(an)9114件(jian)(jian)(jian)。督(du)(du)(du)(du)促行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)向公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)移送涉(she)(she)嫌(xian)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)犯(fan)罪案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)1.1萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，切實(shi)防(fang)止以(yi)(yi)罰(fa)代刑(xing)(xing)、降格處理。對(dui)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)確(que)(que)(que)有(you)錯(cuo)誤的(de)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)(shi)裁判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)抗(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)1242件(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)已審(shen)結935件(jian)(jian)(jian)，其中(zhong)(zhong)改(gai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)、發(fa)回(hui)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)687件(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率73.5%。民(min)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)加強土地(di)(di)(di)(di)承包經營權(quan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)合(he)同(tong)(tong)糾紛(fen)(fen)、采礦(kuang)權(quan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)合(he)同(tong)(tong)糾紛(fen)(fen)、環(huan)境(jing)污(wu)染責任(ren)糾紛(fen)(fen)等(deng)民(min)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，引(yin)導民(min)事(shi)(shi)主體節約資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、保護(hu)環(huan)境(jing)。對(dui)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)確(que)(que)(que)有(you)錯(cuo)誤的(de)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)民(min)事(shi)(shi)裁判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)抗(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)53件(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)已審(shen)結48件(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率87.5%；提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)再(zai)審(shen)檢察(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)36件(jian)(jian)(jian)，采納(na)率88.9%。遼(liao)寧檢察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)在(zai)辦(ban)理一起林地(di)(di)(di)(di)承包經營權(quan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)合(he)同(tong)(tong)糾紛(fen)(fen)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)案(an)(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)，發(fa)現(xian)當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)未經林業主管部(bu)門同(tong)(tong)意，擅自(zi)在(zai)林地(di)(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設房(fang)屋(wu)并轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)，損害公(gong)共(gong)利益，以(yi)(yi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)合(he)同(tong)(tong)無效(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)抗(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)，獲裁判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)支持(chi)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)圍繞涉(she)(she)環(huan)境(jing)污(wu)染處罰(fa)、占地(di)(di)(di)(di)規劃許可、土地(di)(di)(di)(di)征收(shou)等(deng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)開(kai)(kai)展監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，既(ji)維護(hu)司法(fa)(fa)公(gong)正又促進依法(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。對(dui)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)確(que)(que)(que)有(you)錯(cuo)誤的(de)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)裁判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)抗(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)22件(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)已審(shen)結15件(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率60%；提(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)再(zai)審(shen)檢察(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)38件(jian)(jian)(jian)，采納(na)率60.5%。同(tong)(tong)時，針對(dui)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)決(jue)定(ding)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)難(nan)，部(bu)署行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)非(fei)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)專(zhuan)項監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)怠(dai)于申請(qing)強制執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)、不規范(fan)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)3.2萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，涉(she)(she)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)35.2萬(wan)畝(mu)。某公(gong)司違法(fa)(fa)占用44畝(mu)永久基本農田(tian)長達7年(nian)，相關(guan)負責人(ren)被依法(fa)(fa)追(zhui)(zhui)究刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)(shi)責任(ren)，但拒(ju)不執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)決(jue)定(ding)，經最高人(ren)民(min)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)和自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)部(bu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)辦(ban)，該(gai)公(gong)司自(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)拆除涉(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)(wu)，并復(fu)墾到(dao)位。扎(zha)實(shi)開(kai)(kai)展行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)實(shi)質(zhi)性化解(jie)，通(tong)過抗(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)、檢察(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)、促成和解(jie)、公(gong)開(kai)(kai)聽證等(deng)舉措，化解(jie)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領域行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)2222件(jian)(jian)(jian)，促使行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)相對(dui)人(ren)主動履行(xing)(xing)(xing)繳(jiao)納(na)罰(fa)款、退還土地(di)(di)(di)(di)、恢復(fu)原狀、補植(zhi)復(fu)綠(lv)等(deng)義務。

（四）深(shen)化以案促(cu)治，助(zhu)推生態環(huan)境和(he)資源保護(hu)高(gao)水(shui)平治理(li)。習(xi)近平總書(shu)記強調“法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)既(ji)要(yao)抓末端(duan)、治(zhi)已病，更要(yao)抓前端(duan)、治(zhi)未病”。檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)服務生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，高質效辦(ban)好每一個案(an)件，以(yi)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)辦(ban)案(an)促進社(she)會(hui)治(zhi)理。落(luo)實懲(cheng)(cheng)罰(fa)(fa)性賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)。認真貫徹民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)典，落(luo)實生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境損(sun)害(hai)(hai)懲(cheng)(cheng)罰(fa)(fa)性賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)制度(du)，引領樹立“惡意破(po)(po)壞環(huan)境當受(shou)重(zhong)(zhong)罰(fa)(fa)”的理念。一化工企業(ye)(ye)跨省傾(qing)倒廢液造成污染(ran)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)危害(hai)(hai)村民(min)飲水(shui)(shui)安全，江(jiang)西(xi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關對6名(ming)直接責(ze)任人依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)提(ti)起公訴(su)、追(zhui)究刑(xing)(xing)事責(ze)任，并對該企業(ye)(ye)提(ti)起民(min)事公益(yi)訴(su)訟，要(yao)求(qiu)在支付損(sun)害(hai)(hai)賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)金(jin)的同(tong)時(shi)，還須承擔懲(cheng)(cheng)罰(fa)(fa)性賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)責(ze)任，得(de)到裁判(pan)支持(chi)。做實恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)性司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。針(zhen)對不同(tong)類型(xing)案(an)件特點(dian)，采取損(sun)害(hai)(hai)賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)、增殖放(fang)流、補植(zhi)復(fu)(fu)(fu)綠、異地修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)、勞務代償(chang)等(deng)方式(shi)，督促做好生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)工作(zuo)(zuo)。某水(shui)(shui)產(chan)品公司(si)非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)收購、倒賣(mai)(mai)野生(sheng)(sheng)海龜(gui)(gui)，江(jiang)蘇(su)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關辦(ban)案(an)中發(fa)現(xian)被倒賣(mai)(mai)的海龜(gui)(gui)生(sheng)(sheng)存狀況堪憂、亟待(dai)救(jiu)助保護(hu)(hu)(hu)，遂改(gai)變(bian)結案(an)后再(zai)行(xing)處(chu)置涉案(an)野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)的習(xi)慣做法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，固定(ding)證據(ju)后即聯合(he)(he)相(xiang)關部門及(ji)時(shi)將200余只海龜(gui)(gui)放(fang)歸(gui)大海。規范(fan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律適(shi)用。推動將“古樹名(ming)木以(yi)及(ji)列(lie)入《國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)名(ming)錄(lu)》的野生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)”納入刑(xing)(xing)事司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)，明(ming)確“非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)移栽”的行(xing)為性質及(ji)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)原則。針(zhen)對破(po)(po)壞野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)資源犯罪(zui)持(chi)續大幅上升，既(ji)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)從嚴(yan)懲(cheng)(cheng)治(zhi)，加強生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性保護(hu)(hu)(hu)；又堅持(chi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)理情相(xiang)統(tong)一、罪(zui)責(ze)刑(xing)(xing)相(xiang)適(shi)應，尊重(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)規律。堅持(chi)標本兼治(zhi)，深化源頭治(zhi)理。湖南某縣錳礦資源豐富(fu)，因生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)粗放(fang)、工藝落(luo)后、監管不嚴(yan)等(deng)，導致環(huan)境污染(ran)問題日益(yi)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)。省檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)院組建(jian)(jian)工作(zuo)(zuo)專班(ban)，一體推進打擊(ji)刑(xing)(xing)事犯罪(zui)、監督行(xing)政違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、維護(hu)(hu)(hu)公共利益(yi)，并結合(he)(he)辦(ban)案(an)制發(fa)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議，為礦業(ye)(ye)污染(ran)綜合(he)(he)治(zhi)理提(ti)供(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)樣本。嚴(yan)格落(luo)實“誰執法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)誰普法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”的普法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)責(ze)任制，通過發(fa)布檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)白皮書(shu)、組織觀摩庭審等(deng)多(duo)種方式(shi)加強法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)宣傳，助力營(ying)造崇尚生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)的社(she)會(hui)氛圍(wei)。深化與相(xiang)關國(guo)(guo)際(ji)組織交流合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，積極參與世界自然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)大會(hui)、《濕地公約》及(ji)《生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性公約》締(di)約方大會(hui)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)會(hui)議，中國(guo)(guo)環(huan)境資源保護(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)故事廣受(shou)關注(zhu)和贊譽。