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(十一)著力打好重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)消除攻堅戰。聚焦(jiao)秋冬(dong)季細顆粒物污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)，加(jia)大(da)(da)重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)結(jie)構調整和污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治理(li)力度。京津冀(ji)及(ji)周邊地(di)區(qu)(qu)、汾渭平原持續開(kai)展(zhan)秋冬(dong)季大(da)(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)綜合治理(li)專項行(xing)動。東北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)加(jia)強(qiang)秸(jie)稈禁燒(shao)管控(kong)和采暖燃(ran)煤污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治理(li)。天(tian)山北(bei)坡城(cheng)市群加(jia)強(qiang)兵地(di)協(xie)作(zuo)，鋼鐵、有色金屬、化工(gong)等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)參照重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)執行(xing)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)應急減排(pai)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)。科學調整大(da)(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)范圍，構建省市縣三(san)級重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)應急預案體系，實施(shi)重(zhong)點(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)績效(xiao)分級管理(li)，依(yi)法嚴厲打擊不(bu)落實應急減排(pai)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)行(xing)為。到2025年，全(quan)國重(zhong)度及(ji)以上污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)天(tian)數比率控(kong)制在1%以內。

(十二)著力打好臭氧(yang)污(wu)染防治攻堅戰(zhan)。聚(ju)焦(jiao)夏秋(qiu)季臭氧(yang)污(wu)染，大力推進(jin)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)和氮(dan)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)協同(tong)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)(pai)。以(yi)(yi)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)、涂裝、醫藥、包裝印刷(shua)、油品(pin)(pin)儲(chu)運(yun)銷等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)領域(yu)為重點(dian)，安全高效推進(jin)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)綜合(he)治理(li)，實施原輔材料和產(chan)品(pin)(pin)源頭替代工(gong)程。完善揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標(biao)(biao)準體系(xi)，建立低(di)(di)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)含量產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標(biao)(biao)識制(zhi)度。完善揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)監測技術和排(pai)(pai)(pai)放量計算方(fang)法，在相關條件成熟(shu)后，研究適時(shi)將(jiang)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)納入環境保(bao)護稅征收范圍。推進(jin)鋼(gang)鐵、水泥、焦(jiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)超低(di)(di)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放改造，重點(dian)區域(yu)鋼(gang)鐵、燃煤(mei)機組、燃煤(mei)鍋爐(lu)實現超低(di)(di)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放。開展涉氣產(chan)業(ye)(ye)集群排(pai)(pai)(pai)查及分(fen)類治理(li)，推進(jin)企業(ye)(ye)升級改造和區域(yu)環境綜合(he)整治。到(dao)2025年，揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)機物(wu)、氮(dan)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)排(pai)(pai)(pai)放總量比2020年分(fen)別(bie)下(xia)降10%以(yi)(yi)上，臭氧(yang)濃度增(zeng)長趨勢(shi)得到(dao)有(you)(you)(you)效遏制(zhi)，實現細顆(ke)粒物(wu)和臭氧(yang)協同(tong)控制(zhi)。

(十三(san))持續打好柴油貨(huo)(huo)(huo)車(che)(che)污染(ran)治理攻堅戰。深入(ru)實施清潔(jie)柴油車(che)(che)(機)行(xing)動(dong)，全國基本淘汰國三(san)及以(yi)下排放標(biao)準汽車(che)(che)，推動(dong)氫(qing)燃料電(dian)池汽車(che)(che)示范應用(yong)(yong)，有序(xu)推廣清潔(jie)能源汽車(che)(che)。進一步推進大(da)中(zhong)城(cheng)市公(gong)共(gong)交通、公(gong)務用(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)電(dian)動(dong)化進程。不斷提(ti)高(gao)船舶靠港岸電(dian)使用(yong)(yong)率(lv)。實施更(geng)加(jia)嚴格的車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)汽油質量標(biao)準。加(jia)快大(da)宗貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物和中(zhong)長(chang)途貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物運(yun)輸“公(gong)轉鐵”、“公(gong)轉水(shui)”，大(da)力發展公(gong)鐵、鐵水(shui)等多式(shi)聯運(yun)。“十四五(wu)”時期(qi)，鐵路貨(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)量占比提(ti)高(gao)0.5個(ge)百(bai)分點，水(shui)路貨(huo)(huo)(huo)運(yun)量年均增(zeng)速超過(guo)2%。

(十(shi)四)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)大氣(qi)面源和噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理(li)。強(qiang)(qiang)化施工、道路、堆場、裸露地面等揚塵管控(kong)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)城市(shi)保潔和清掃。加(jia)大餐飲油煙污(wu)染(ran)(ran)、惡(e)臭(chou)異味治(zhi)理(li)力(li)度(du)。強(qiang)(qiang)化秸稈綜合利用和禁燒管控(kong)。到2025年(nian)，京津冀及周邊地區大型規模化養殖(zhi)場氨(an)排放總量比(bi)2020年(nian)下(xia)降5%。深化消耗臭(chou)氧層物(wu)質和氫氟碳化物(wu)環境管理(li)。實施噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)，加(jia)快解決群(qun)眾關心的突出噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)問題。到2025年(nian)，地級及以上城市(shi)全面實現功能區聲(sheng)環境質量自動(dong)監測，全國聲(sheng)環境功能區夜(ye)間達(da)標率達(da)到85%。

四(si)、深(shen)入打好碧水保衛戰(zhan)

(十(shi)五)持(chi)續(xu)打好城(cheng)市黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體治理(li)攻(gong)堅戰(zhan)。統籌好上下游、左右岸、干支流(liu)、城(cheng)市和鄉(xiang)村(cun)，系統推進城(cheng)市黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體治理(li)。加強(qiang)農業農村(cun)和工業企(qi)業污(wu)染(ran)防治，有效控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入河(he)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)排(pai)放(fang)。強(qiang)化溯源整(zheng)治，杜(du)絕污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)直(zhi)接排(pai)入雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)網。推進城(cheng)鎮污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)網全覆蓋，對進水(shui)(shui)(shui)情況(kuang)出現明顯異常的污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)廠(chang)，開展片區管(guan)網系統化整(zheng)治。因地制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜開展水(shui)(shui)(shui)體內(nei)(nei)源污(wu)染(ran)治理(li)和生態修復，增強(qiang)河(he)湖(hu)(hu)自(zi)凈功(gong)能(neng)。充分發揮(hui)河(he)長(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、湖(hu)(hu)長(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作用，鞏固(gu)城(cheng)市黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體治理(li)成(cheng)效，建立防止返(fan)黑(hei)(hei)返(fan)臭(chou)的長(chang)效機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2022年(nian)6月底前，縣(xian)級(ji)城(cheng)市政府完成(cheng)建成(cheng)區內(nei)(nei)黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體排(pai)查并制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定整(zheng)治方案，統一公(gong)布黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體清單及達標期限。到2025年(nian)，縣(xian)級(ji)城(cheng)市建成(cheng)區基本消除黑(hei)(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體，京津冀、長(chang)三角(jiao)、珠三角(jiao)等區域力爭提前1年(nian)完成(cheng)。

(十六(liu))持續打好長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)保(bao)護(hu)修復(fu)攻堅戰。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)全(quan)流域(yu)按單元(yuan)精細化(hua)分區(qu)管控(kong)。狠(hen)抓突(tu)出生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境問(wen)題(ti)整(zheng)(zheng)改，扎(zha)實推(tui)(tui)進(jin)城鎮(zhen)污水(shui)(shui)垃(la)圾(ji)處(chu)理(li)和(he)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)、農(nong)業(ye)面源、船舶、尾(wei)礦庫(ku)等(deng)(deng)污染治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。加強渝湘黔(qian)交界武陵山區(qu)“錳三(san)角”污染綜(zong)合整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)。持續開(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)園區(qu)污染治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)、“三(san)磷(lin)(lin)”行業(ye)整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)專項行動(dong)。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)岸線生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態修復(fu)，鞏固小水(shui)(shui)電清(qing)理(li)整(zheng)(zheng)改成果。實施好長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)重點水(shui)(shui)域(yu)十年禁漁(yu)，有效恢(hui)復(fu)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣(yang)性。建立健(jian)全(quan)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境考核評價制(zhi)度并(bing)抓好組織實施。加強太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)、巢湖(hu)(hu)、滇(dian)池等(deng)(deng)重要湖(hu)(hu)泊藍藻水(shui)(shui)華防控(kong)，開(kai)展(zhan)河湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)被恢(hui)復(fu)、氮磷(lin)(lin)通量監測等(deng)(deng)試(shi)點。到(dao)2025年，長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)總(zong)體水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)保(bao)持為優，干流水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)穩定達到(dao)Ⅱ類，重要河湖(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態用(yong)水(shui)(shui)得到(dao)有效保(bao)障，水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態質(zhi)量明顯提升。

(十七)著(zhu)力打好黃河(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)態保護(hu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)攻(gong)堅戰。全(quan)面落實(shi)以(yi)水(shui)定(ding)城、以(yi)水(shui)定(ding)地(di)、以(yi)水(shui)定(ding)人、以(yi)水(shui)定(ding)產(chan)要(yao)求，實(shi)施(shi)深度節(jie)水(shui)控水(shui)行動，嚴控高耗水(shui)行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。維護(hu)上游水(shui)源(yuan)涵(han)養(yang)功能，推動以(yi)草定(ding)畜、定(ding)牧(mu)。加強中(zhong)游水(shui)土流(liu)(liu)失(shi)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)，開(kai)展(zhan)汾渭平原、河(he)(he)(he)套灌區(qu)等農業(ye)面源(yuan)污染治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。實(shi)施(shi)黃河(he)(he)(he)三角洲濕(shi)地(di)保護(hu)修(xiu)復(fu)，強化黃河(he)(he)(he)河(he)(he)(he)口綜合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。加強沿黃河(he)(he)(he)城鎮污水(shui)處理(li)(li)設施(shi)及配套管網建設，開(kai)展(zhan)黃河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)域“清廢行動”，基本完成尾礦(kuang)庫污染治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。到(dao)2025年，黃河(he)(he)(he)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)上中(zhong)游(花(hua)園口以(yi)上)水(shui)質達到(dao)Ⅱ類，干(gan)流(liu)(liu)及主要(yao)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)生(sheng)態流(liu)(liu)量得到(dao)有(you)效保障。

(十八)鞏固提升飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)安(an)全保(bao)障水(shui)(shui)平。加快推進城(cheng)市(shi)水(shui)(shui)源地規范(fan)化建設，加強農(nong)村水(shui)(shui)源地保(bao)護。基本(ben)完成鄉鎮級(ji)水(shui)(shui)源保(bao)護區劃(hua)定(ding)、立標并(bing)開展環境問題(ti)排(pai)查整(zheng)治。保(bao)障南水(shui)(shui)北調等重大輸水(shui)(shui)工程水(shui)(shui)質安(an)全。到(dao)(dao)2025年，全國縣級(ji)及以上城(cheng)市(shi)集中(zhong)式飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源水(shui)(shui)質達到(dao)(dao)或優于Ⅲ類比例(li)總(zong)體高于93%。

(十九)著力(li)打好重(zhong)點(dian)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)綜(zong)合治理攻堅戰。鞏固深(shen)化渤海(hai)(hai)綜(zong)合治理成果，實(shi)施長江(jiang)口—杭州灣(wan)、珠江(jiang)口鄰近海(hai)(hai)域(yu)污(wu)染防治行動，“一灣(wan)一策”實(shi)施重(zhong)點(dian)海(hai)(hai)灣(wan)綜(zong)合治理。深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進入(ru)海(hai)(hai)河(he)流斷面水質改善、沿岸(an)直排海(hai)(hai)污(wu)染源(yuan)整(zheng)治、海(hai)(hai)水養殖環境治理，加強船舶港(gang)口、海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)垃(la)圾等污(wu)染防治。推(tui)進重(zhong)點(dian)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)生態系統保護修(xiu)復，加強海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)伏(fu)季休(xiu)漁(yu)監(jian)管執法。推(tui)進海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)環境風險排查整(zheng)治和應急能力(li)建設。到2025年，重(zhong)點(dian)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)水質優良比例比2020年提(ti)升2個(ge)百分點(dian)左右，省控及以上河(he)流入(ru)海(hai)(hai)斷面基(ji)本消(xiao)除劣Ⅴ類(lei)，濱(bin)海(hai)(hai)濕(shi)地和岸(an)線得到有效保護。

(二(er)十)強化陸域海(hai)域污(wu)(wu)染(ran)協同治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。持(chi)續開展入河入海(hai)排污(wu)(wu)口“查、測、溯、治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，到(dao)2025年，基本完成(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)江、黃(huang)河、渤海(hai)及赤水河等(deng)長(chang)江重要支(zhi)流排污(wu)(wu)口整治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。完善水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流域協同機制(zhi)，深化海(hai)河、遼(liao)河、淮(huai)河、松花江、珠江等(deng)重點流域綜(zong)合治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，推進重要湖泊污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)生(sheng)態修復。沿海(hai)城市加(jia)強固定污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源總(zong)氮排放控(kong)制(zhi)和(he)面(mian)源污(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，實(shi)施(shi)入海(hai)河流總(zong)氮削減(jian)工程。建成(cheng)(cheng)一批具有(you)全國示范價值的美麗河湖、美麗海(hai)灣。

五、深入打好凈土保衛戰

(二(er)十一)持(chi)續打(da)好農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)污染治(zhi)理攻堅戰。注重(zhong)統籌(chou)規(gui)劃、有效(xiao)銜(xian)接，因(yin)地制宜推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)廁所革命、生(sheng)活污水(shui)治(zhi)理、生(sheng)活垃圾治(zhi)理，基本消除較(jiao)大面積(ji)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)黑臭水(shui)體，改(gai)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)人(ren)居(ju)環境。實施(shi)化肥農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥減量增效(xiao)行動和農(nong)(nong)(nong)膜回(hui)收行動。加強種(zhong)養(yang)結(jie)合，整(zheng)縣推進畜(chu)禽糞污資源化利(li)用(yong)(yong)。規(gui)范工廠化水(shui)產(chan)養(yang)殖尾水(shui)排污口設置，在水(shui)產(chan)養(yang)殖主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)推進養(yang)殖尾水(shui)治(zhi)理。到(dao)(dao)2025年，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)活污水(shui)治(zhi)理率(lv)(lv)(lv)達到(dao)(dao)40%，化肥農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥利(li)用(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)達到(dao)(dao)43%，全國畜(chu)禽糞污綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)達到(dao)(dao)80%以上。

(二十(shi)二)深入推進農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土壤污染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治和(he)安(an)(an)全利用(yong)(yong)。實(shi)施(shi)農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土壤鎘等重金屬污染(ran)(ran)源頭防(fang)治行(xing)動(dong)。依法推行(xing)農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)分(fen)類(lei)管理制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，強化受(shou)污染(ran)(ran)耕地(di)(di)(di)安(an)(an)全利用(yong)(yong)和(he)風險管控，受(shou)污染(ran)(ran)耕地(di)(di)(di)集中的縣級行(xing)政區開展污染(ran)(ran)溯源，因地(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定實(shi)施(shi)安(an)(an)全利用(yong)(yong)方案。在(zai)土壤污染(ran)(ran)面(mian)積(ji)較大的100個縣級行(xing)政區推進農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)安(an)(an)全利用(yong)(yong)示范。嚴格(ge)落(luo)實(shi)糧食收購和(he)銷售(shou)出庫質量安(an)(an)全檢(jian)驗制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)追溯制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。到2025年，受(shou)污染(ran)(ran)耕地(di)(di)(di)安(an)(an)全利用(yong)(yong)率達到93%左右。

(二十(shi)三(san))有效管控建(jian)設用地(di)(di)土壤(rang)污染風(feng)(feng)險。嚴格建(jian)設用地(di)(di)土壤(rang)污染風(feng)(feng)險管控和(he)修復(fu)名錄內地(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)的(de)準入管理(li)。未依(yi)法完成(cheng)土壤(rang)污染狀(zhuang)況調查和(he)風(feng)(feng)險評估(gu)的(de)地(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)，不(bu)得(de)開工(gong)建(jian)設與(yu)風(feng)(feng)險管控和(he)修復(fu)無關(guan)的(de)項目。從嚴管控農藥(yao)、化(hua)工(gong)等行業(ye)的(de)重度污染地(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)規(gui)劃用途，確需開發利(li)用的(de)，鼓勵用于拓展生態(tai)空間。完成(cheng)重點地(di)(di)區危險化(hua)學品生產企(qi)業(ye)搬遷改造，推進騰退(tui)地(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)風(feng)(feng)險管控和(he)修復(fu)。

(二十四)穩步推進(jin)(jin)“無(wu)(wu)(wu)廢(fei)城市(shi)(shi)”建(jian)設(she)。健全“無(wu)(wu)(wu)廢(fei)城市(shi)(shi)”建(jian)設(she)相關制度、技(ji)術、市(shi)(shi)場、監管體(ti)系，推進(jin)(jin)城市(shi)(shi)固體(ti)廢(fei)物精細(xi)化(hua)管理。“十四五(wu)”時期，推進(jin)(jin)100個(ge)左右(you)地級及(ji)以(yi)上城市(shi)(shi)開(kai)展(zhan)“無(wu)(wu)(wu)廢(fei)城市(shi)(shi)”建(jian)設(she)，鼓(gu)勵有條件的省份全域推進(jin)(jin)“無(wu)(wu)(wu)廢(fei)城市(shi)(shi)”建(jian)設(she)。

(二十五)加強新污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)治理。制(zhi)(zhi)定實施新污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)治理行動方案。針對持久性有機污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)、內分泌干擾物(wu)(wu)等新污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)，實施調查監(jian)測和(he)環境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)評(ping)估(gu)，建立健全有毒有害化學(xue)物(wu)(wu)質環境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度，強化源(yuan)頭準入，動態發布重(zhong)點管(guan)控新污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)清單及其禁止、限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)、限(xian)排等環境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)管(guan)控措施。

(二十六)強(qiang)化(hua)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)協同(tong)防(fang)治(zhi)。持續開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)狀況調查評估，劃(hua)定地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)型(xing)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源補給區并強(qiang)化(hua)保護(hu)措施，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)重點(dian)區劃(hua)定及(ji)污(wu)染(ran)風險(xian)管控。健全分級分類的(de)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)監測評價體系(xi)。實施水(shui)(shui)土環(huan)境(jing)風險(xian)協同(tong)防(fang)控。在地(di)表水(shui)(shui)、地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)交互密切的(de)典型(xing)地(di)區開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)污(wu)染(ran)綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)治(zhi)試點(dian)。

六、切實維護(hu)生態環境(jing)安(an)全

(二十七)持續提升生(sheng)態系(xi)統質量。實施重(zhong)要(yao)生(sheng)態系(xi)統保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)修復(fu)重(zhong)大工(gong)程、山(shan)水林(lin)田湖草(cao)(cao)沙一體化(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)修復(fu)工(gong)程。科學推進荒(huang)漠化(hua)(hua)(hua)、石漠化(hua)(hua)(hua)、水土流失綜合治理和(he)歷(li)史遺(yi)留礦山(shan)生(sheng)態修復(fu)，開展大規模國土綠化(hua)(hua)(hua)行動，實施河口、海(hai)灣、濱(bin)海(hai)濕(shi)地、典型海(hai)洋生(sheng)態系(xi)統保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復(fu)。推行草(cao)(cao)原森林(lin)河流湖泊休養生(sheng)息，加強黑土地保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)。有效應(ying)對氣候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)對冰凍圈融化(hua)(hua)(hua)的影響。推進城市生(sheng)態修復(fu)。加強生(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復(fu)監(jian)督評(ping)估。到2025年，森林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率達到24.1%，草(cao)(cao)原綜合植被蓋(gai)度(du)穩定在57%左右，濕(shi)地保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)率達到55%。

(二十八)實施生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)重大工(gong)程。加快推進(jin)生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)優先區(qu)域(yu)和(he)國(guo)家(jia)重大戰略區(qu)域(yu)調查、觀測、評估。完善以國(guo)家(jia)公園(yuan)為(wei)主體的自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)地體系，構筑生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)網絡。加大珍稀(xi)瀕危(wei)野生(sheng)動植物(wu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)拯救力(li)度。加強生(sheng)物(wu)遺(yi)傳資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)管理，嚴格外來入侵物(wu)種(zhong)防控。

(二十九)強化(hua)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護監(jian)(jian)管。用好第三次(ci)全國國土(tu)調(diao)查成果，構建(jian)(jian)完善生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)監(jian)(jian)測網絡，建(jian)(jian)立全國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)狀(zhuang)況評估(gu)(gu)報(bao)告制度(du)，加(jia)強重點區域(yu)流域(yu)海(hai)域(yu)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅線、自然保(bao)(bao)護地、縣域(yu)重點生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能區等生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)狀(zhuang)況監(jian)(jian)測評估(gu)(gu)。加(jia)強自然保(bao)(bao)護地和生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅線監(jian)(jian)管，依法加(jia)大生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)破壞問(wen)題(ti)監(jian)(jian)督和查處力度(du)，持續推進“綠盾”自然保(bao)(bao)護地強化(hua)監(jian)(jian)督專項(xiang)行動。深入推動生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設示范創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)、“綠水青山就是金山銀山”實踐創(chuang)新基地建(jian)(jian)設和美麗中國地方實踐。

(三十)確保核(he)(he)與輻(fu)射(she)(she)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。堅持(chi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第(di)一、質(zhi)量第(di)一，實行(xing)最嚴(yan)格的安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)和最嚴(yan)格的監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，持(chi)續強(qiang)化在建(jian)和運(yun)行(xing)核(he)(he)電廠安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，加(jia)強(qiang)核(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)制(zhi)度、隊伍、能(neng)力建(jian)設，督促(cu)營運(yun)單位落實全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面核(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)責任。嚴(yan)格研(yan)究(jiu)堆、核(he)(he)燃料(liao)循(xun)環設施、核(he)(he)技術(shu)利(li)用(yong)等安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，積(ji)極穩妥推進放射(she)(she)性廢物、伴生放射(she)(she)性廢物處置，加(jia)強(qiang)電磁輻(fu)射(she)(she)污染防治。強(qiang)化風(feng)險(xian)預警監(jian)(jian)測(ce)和應急響應，不斷提升核(he)(he)與輻(fu)射(she)(she)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)能(neng)力。

(三(san)十一)嚴密(mi)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)。開展(zhan)涉(she)危(wei)險(xian)廢物涉(she)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬企業、化工園區等重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)領域環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)調(diao)查評估，完成重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)河流突發(fa)水污染(ran)事件(jian)“一河一策一圖”全覆蓋。開展(zhan)涉(she)鉈企業排查整治行動。加(jia)強(qiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬污染(ran)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)，到2025年(nian)，全國重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)行業重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬污染(ran)物排放(fang)量(liang)比2020年(nian)下(xia)降(jiang)5%。強(qiang)化生態環境(jing)與(yu)健康管理。健全國家環境(jing)應(ying)急指揮平(ping)臺，推進流域及地方環境(jing)應(ying)急物資庫(ku)建設(she)，完善環境(jing)應(ying)急管理體系。