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最高人(ren)民檢(jian)察(cha)院關于(yu)人(ren)民檢(jian)察(cha)院生態(tai)環境和資源保護檢(jian)察(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)情況的報告

——2023年10月21日(ri)在第(di)十(shi)四屆全國(guo)人民(min)代(dai)表(biao)大會常務委員(yuan)會第(di)六次會議(yi)上

最高(gao)人民檢(jian)察院檢(jian)察長 應勇?

全國人民代(dai)表(biao)大會(hui)常(chang)務委員會(hui)：

根據本次會議安(an)排，我代(dai)表最高(gao)人(ren)民檢(jian)察(cha)院報告(gao)人(ren)民檢(jian)察(cha)院生態環境和資源保護檢(jian)察(cha)工作情況，請審議。

生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設是關系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族永續發展的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)大(da)計。黨的(de)(de)(de)十八大(da)以(yi)來(lai)，以(yi)習近(jin)平同志(zhi)為(wei)核心的(de)(de)(de)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設作為(wei)統(tong)籌(chou)推進(jin)(jin)“五位(wei)一體”總體布局(ju)和(he)協(xie)調推進(jin)(jin)“四個全面”戰(zhan)(zhan)略布局(ju)的(de)(de)(de)重要內容，以(yi)前所未有的(de)(de)(de)決心和(he)力度開(kai)展了一系(xi)列(lie)開(kai)創(chuang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)工作，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設發生(sheng)(sheng)了歷(li)史(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、轉折性(xing)(xing)(xing)、全局(ju)性(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)化(hua)，成為(wei)新(xin)時代黨和(he)國家事(shi)業取(qu)得歷(li)史(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成就、發生(sheng)(sheng)歷(li)史(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)革的(de)(de)(de)顯著標志(zhi)。習近(jin)平總書記親(qin)自推進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)理(li)論創(chuang)新(xin)、實踐(jian)創(chuang)新(xin)、制度創(chuang)新(xin)，提出一系(xi)列(lie)新(xin)理(li)念新(xin)思(si)想新(xin)戰(zhan)(zhan)略，形成習近(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)思(si)想，為(wei)新(xin)時代生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設提供了根(gen)本(ben)(ben)遵循。

人民(min)(min)檢察院是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律監(jian)督(du)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)，是(shi)(shi)保障(zhang)國(guo)(guo)家法(fa)(fa)律統一正確實施的(de)(de)司(si)法(fa)(fa)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)，是(shi)(shi)保護國(guo)(guo)家利益和(he)社(she)會公共利益的(de)(de)重要力(li)量，是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家監(jian)督(du)體系的(de)(de)重要組成部分(fen)(fen)，在生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)法(fa)(fa)治建設中肩負著(zhu)重要責任。各(ge)級(ji)檢察機(ji)關(guan)(guan)堅持以習(xi)近平新(xin)時代(dai)中國(guo)(guo)特色社(she)會主(zhu)義思想為(wei)指導(dao)，深(shen)入貫(guan)徹習(xi)近平生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)思想、習(xi)近平法(fa)(fa)治思想，積極踐行綠(lv)水青(qing)山就是(shi)(shi)金山銀(yin)山的(de)(de)理(li)念，始終把生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)和(he)資(zi)源保護工作擺在突出(chu)位(wei)置，自覺(jue)為(wei)大(da)局服務(wu)、為(wei)人民(min)(min)司(si)法(fa)(fa)、為(wei)法(fa)(fa)治擔當，統籌發(fa)揮刑事(shi)、民(min)(min)事(shi)、行政(zheng)、公益訴訟“四大(da)檢察”職(zhi)能(neng)，主(zhu)動加強與其(qi)他職(zhi)能(neng)部門協作聯動，持續深(shen)化生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)司(si)法(fa)(fa)保護，充分(fen)(fen)運用(yong)法(fa)(fa)治力(li)量服務(wu)美麗(li)中國(guo)(guo)建設。

一、主要工(gong)作和成效

近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)，伴隨生態文明建設(she)取得舉世矚目的偉大成(cheng)就(jiu)，生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)保護檢(jian)察工(gong)作扎實推進。2018年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)今年(nian)(nian)6月，全國(guo)檢(jian)察機關共辦(ban)理各類(lei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)82.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。其中，2018年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)受理審(shen)查逮捕環(huan)(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)犯罪案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)6.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，比(bi)前(qian)五年(nian)(nian)上(shang)升(sheng)55.7%；受理審(shen)查起訴(su)(su)21萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，比(bi)前(qian)五年(nian)(nian)上(shang)升(sheng)94.2%；辦(ban)理環(huan)(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)民事行政檢(jian)察監督案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)6.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，年(nian)(nian)均上(shang)升(sheng)54.5%；立案(an)辦(ban)理生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)保護領域(yu)公益訴(su)(su)訟(song)39.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，年(nian)(nian)均上(shang)升(sheng)12.5%。

（一）堅持嚴的(de)基調(diao)，依法懲治環境資源犯罪。習近平總書記反復強(qiang)調“要始(shi)終堅(jian)(jian)持用最嚴(yan)格制(zhi)度最嚴(yan)密法(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)生態環境(jing)”。最高人(ren)民檢察院(yuan)深(shen)入貫徹《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央 國(guo)務院(yuan)關(guan)于深(shen)入打好污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攻堅(jian)(jian)戰的意見(jian)》和全(quan)國(guo)人(ren)大(da)常(chang)委會(hui)決議(yi)，2019年會(hui)同最高人(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)、公安(an)部(bu)等制(zhi)定《關(guan)于辦理環境(jing)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)刑(xing)事案(an)件有關(guan)問題座談會(hui)紀要》，今(jin)年8月(yue)會(hui)同最高人(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)發布司(si)法(fa)解釋，加(jia)(jia)大(da)對(dui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)環境(jing)類(lei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)懲治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)(li)度。經持續嚴(yan)懲，此類(lei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)呈下降(jiang)趨勢(shi)。2018年至今(jin)年6月(yue)，受(shou)理審查起(qi)訴(su)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)環境(jing)類(lei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)4.3萬人(ren)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，2022年比2018年下降(jiang)31.7%。堅(jian)(jian)決懲治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)法(fa)排放(fang)、傾倒或者處置危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)，2020年起(qi)協同生態環境(jing)部(bu)、公安(an)部(bu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)整治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，牽頭(tou)發布典型(xing)案(an)例(li)，起(qi)訴(su)相關(guan)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)8680人(ren)。某廢(fei)鋁(lv)加(jia)(jia)工點將熔(rong)煉中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)生的大(da)量鋁(lv)灰交(jiao)由無資質人(ren)員非(fei)法(fa)轉運、傾倒、填埋(mai)，浙(zhe)江檢察機關(guan)以(yi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)環境(jing)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)起(qi)訴(su)18人(ren)，并推動當地建起(qi)危險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)處置中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心。加(jia)(jia)大(da)對(dui)破壞資源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)類(lei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)打擊力(li)(li)度，此類(lei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)呈上(shang)升趨勢(shi)。2018年至今(jin)年6月(yue)受(shou)理審查起(qi)訴(su)35.1萬人(ren)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，2022年比2018年上(shang)升47.6%。嚴(yan)守耕地紅線，依法(fa)懲治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)法(fa)占用農用地犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)，起(qi)訴(su)2.7萬人(ren)。針對(dui)盜(dao)采(cai)礦產(chan)資源(yuan)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)多發，起(qi)訴(su)非(fei)法(fa)采(cai)礦、破壞性采(cai)礦犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)3.9萬人(ren)，制(zhi)發典型(xing)案(an)例(li)，今(jin)年5月(yue)會(hui)同公安(an)部(bu)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)海(hai)警局專(zhuan)項(xiang)整治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盜(dao)采(cai)海(hai)砂(sha)違法(fa)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)。

（二）依法維護公(gong)益，充分履行生態環(huan)境和資源保護領域公(gong)益訴訟檢(jian)察職責。良好(hao)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)是最公(gong)(gong)平的(de)公(gong)(gong)共產品，是最普惠的(de)民(min)(min)生(sheng)福祉。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關忠實履(lv)行(xing)(xing)“公(gong)(gong)共利益(yi)(yi)代表”的(de)神圣(sheng)職責，2018年(nian)至今年(nian)6月，共辦理(li)(li)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和(he)資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)領(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)38.8萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、民(min)(min)事公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)5.9萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。向行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關發(fa)出訴(su)(su)(su)前(qian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)建議32.6萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關回復(fu)整(zheng)改率99.3%，絕大多(duo)數公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)損(sun)害問題在(zai)訴(su)(su)(su)前(qian)得到解決。對于(yu)訴(su)(su)(su)前(qian)解決不了問題、具有(you)示范意義的(de)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，堅持以(yi)“訴(su)(su)(su)”的(de)確(que)認體現司(si)法(fa)(fa)價值引領(ling)(ling)，提(ti)起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)2.5萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)已審結2.2萬(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，99.8%得到裁判支(zhi)持。服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)打(da)好(hao)藍天(tian)保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰。助力大氣(qi)污染防(fang)治，辦理(li)(li)該領(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)3萬(wan)余件(jian)(jian)(jian)。某(mou)機(ji)動(dong)車檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)通過使用(yong)排放檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)作弊設備(bei)，篡改汽車尾氣(qi)數據，幫助不合(he)格車輛逃避監管。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關在(zai)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)涉案(an)(an)公(gong)(gong)司(si)及作弊設備(bei)生(sheng)產、銷售、使用(yong)等環(huan)(huan)節16名被(bei)(bei)告人的(de)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，對相關公(gong)(gong)司(si)和(he)人員提(ti)起(qi)民(min)(min)事公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)，依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)追究生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)損(sun)害賠(pei)償責任。服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)打(da)好(hao)碧水(shui)保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)水(shui)利部(bu)、公(gong)(gong)安部(bu)等開(kai)展(zhan)河(he)湖安全保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)。認真(zhen)貫徹(che)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)，連續舉(ju)辦四屆服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)濟帶發(fa)展(zhan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)論壇，出臺服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)經(jing)濟帶發(fa)展(zhan)10項(xiang)(xiang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)舉(ju)措(cuo)。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)公(gong)(gong)安部(bu)、農業農村部(bu)、市(shi)場監管總(zong)局等9部(bu)門(men)專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)整(zheng)治長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)非法(fa)(fa)捕撈，助力長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)十年(nian)禁(jin)漁。長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)沿線港口眾多(duo)，船舶污染成為頑疾，最高(gao)人民(min)(min)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)直(zhi)接以(yi)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)立案(an)(an)，沿江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)11省(sheng)市(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關同(tong)(tong)步辦理(li)(li)關聯案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)532件(jian)(jian)(jian)，推(tui)動(dong)多(duo)部(bu)門(men)協同(tong)(tong)、全流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)聯動(dong)治理(li)(li)。認真(zhen)貫徹(che)黃河(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)，制定服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)黃河(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)18條意見(jian)。會(hui)同(tong)(tong)水(shui)利部(bu)開(kai)展(zhan)“攜(xie)手(shou)清四亂、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)母親(qin)河(he)”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，今年(nian)4月聯合(he)舉(ju)辦首屆服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)黃河(he)國(guo)家戰略檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)論壇，部(bu)署開(kai)展(zhan)黃河(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，聯合(he)發(fa)布(bu)協同(tong)(tong)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)黃河(he)水(shui)安全典(dian)型案(an)(an)例(li)。開(kai)展(zhan)“守(shou)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)海(hai)洋”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)監督，會(hui)同(tong)(tong)最高(gao)人民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)發(fa)布(bu)首個海(hai)洋公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)司(si)法(fa)(fa)解釋，辦理(li)(li)海(hai)洋環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)5388件(jian)(jian)(jian)。服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)打(da)好(hao)凈土(tu)(tu)保(bao)(bao)衛(wei)戰。依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)督促整(zheng)治被(bei)(bei)非法(fa)(fa)占用(yong)、污染損(sun)毀的(de)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)(di)、濕地(di)(di)(di)、草(cao)原等786萬(wan)余畝(mu)(mu)，助力守(shou)牢國(guo)土(tu)(tu)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅線。某(mou)地(di)(di)(di)一行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)主管部(bu)門(men)批準將130余畝(mu)(mu)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)臨時(shi)用(yong)作項(xiang)(xiang)目建設取土(tu)(tu)場。項(xiang)(xiang)目結束(shu)后土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)未復(fu)墾(ken)，又(you)被(bei)(bei)租賃用(yong)于(yu)建設廠房(fang)，種(zhong)植條件(jian)(jian)(jian)被(bei)(bei)嚴(yan)重破(po)壞。山(shan)東檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關經(jing)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)調(diao)查，以(yi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)建議督促主管部(bu)門(men)履(lv)行(xing)(xing)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)修(xiu)復(fu)監管職責，該部(bu)門(men)仍怠(dai)于(yu)履(lv)職，遂提(ti)起(qi)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)，督促復(fu)墾(ken)被(bei)(bei)損(sun)毀的(de)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)。推(tui)廣江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇、貴州(zhou)等地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)驗(yan)，以(yi)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)推(tui)動(dong)整(zheng)治電捕蚯蚓(yin)嚴(yan)重破(po)壞土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)生(sheng)態(tai)行(xing)(xing)為。遼寧、吉林、黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關深入開(kai)展(zhan)“保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)、守(shou)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)大糧倉”公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)活動(dong)。

（三）加強訴訟監(jian)督，促進提(ti)升(sheng)環境資源執法司法質效。檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在生態文(wen)明(ming)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治保障中(zhong)肩負(fu)雙重責(ze)任(ren)，既(ji)要確保自(zi)身嚴(yan)格依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)辦(ban)案(an)(an)，又要履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)好訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)職能(neng)，促進其他執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)嚴(yan)格執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)，分別與(yu)公(gong)(gong)安部(bu)(bu)、中(zhong)國海警局共(gong)建(jian)(jian)偵查監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)與(yu)協作配合(he)(he)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，實(shi)現監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口前(qian)移，從(cong)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭上規范(fan)辦(ban)案(an)(an)。王(wang)某(mou)非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)收(shou)購廢(fei)舊鉛蓄電池煉鉛，排放的廢(fei)物(wu)導致(zhi)空氣(qi)嚴(yan)重污染、土(tu)壤中(zhong)重金屬嚴(yan)重超標。公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)以(yi)其涉(she)嫌污染環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)罪(zui)(zui)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)請批準逮捕，河南(nan)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)認真審(shen)查，追捕、追訴(su)(su)(su)26名同(tong)(tong)案(an)(an)犯，全部(bu)(bu)被判(pan)(pan)(pan)處(chu)有(you)期徒刑(xing)。持(chi)續開展環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)犯罪(zui)(zui)專項(xiang)立案(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，防止(zhi)有(you)案(an)(an)不立、有(you)罪(zui)(zui)不究。2018年至今年6月，對(dui)認為(wei)(wei)應(ying)立案(an)(an)而未立案(an)(an)的環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，督(du)(du)(du)(du)促公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)立案(an)(an)9543件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)；認為(wei)(wei)不應(ying)立案(an)(an)而立案(an)(an)的，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)糾(jiu)正(zheng)意(yi)見9368件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)撤案(an)(an)9114件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。督(du)(du)(du)(du)促行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)向公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)移送涉(she)嫌環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)犯罪(zui)(zui)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1.1萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，切實(shi)防止(zhi)以(yi)罰(fa)(fa)代刑(xing)、降(jiang)格處(chu)理。對(dui)認為(wei)(wei)確有(you)錯(cuo)誤(wu)的環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)抗(kang)(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)1242件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)已(yi)審(shen)結935件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，其中(zhong)改(gai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)、發(fa)回重審(shen)687件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率73.5%。民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)，重點加強土(tu)地(di)(di)承(cheng)包經營(ying)權轉(zhuan)讓合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)(fen)、采(cai)礦權轉(zhuan)讓合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)(fen)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)污染責(ze)任(ren)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)(fen)等民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，引導民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)主體節約資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、保護環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。對(dui)認為(wei)(wei)確有(you)錯(cuo)誤(wu)的環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)民(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)抗(kang)(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)53件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)已(yi)審(shen)結48件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率87.5%；提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)再審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)36件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，采(cai)納(na)率88.9%。遼寧檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在辦(ban)理一起林地(di)(di)承(cheng)包經營(ying)權轉(zhuan)讓合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)(fen)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)案(an)(an)中(zhong)，發(fa)現當事(shi)(shi)人未經林業主管部(bu)(bu)門同(tong)(tong)意(yi)，擅自(zi)在林地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設房屋(wu)并轉(zhuan)讓，損害公(gong)(gong)共(gong)利(li)益(yi)，以(yi)轉(zhuan)讓合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)無效提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)抗(kang)(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)，獲(huo)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)支持(chi)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)，重點圍(wei)繞涉(she)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)污染處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)、占(zhan)地(di)(di)規劃許可、土(tu)地(di)(di)征收(shou)等行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)開展監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，既(ji)維(wei)護司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)又促進依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。對(dui)認為(wei)(wei)確有(you)錯(cuo)誤(wu)的環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)裁(cai)判(pan)(pan)(pan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)抗(kang)(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)22件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)已(yi)審(shen)結15件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，改(gai)變率60%；提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)再審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)38件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，采(cai)納(na)率60.5%。同(tong)(tong)時，針對(dui)土(tu)地(di)(di)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決(jue)定執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)難，部(bu)(bu)署(shu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)(su)(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)專項(xiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)，監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)怠(dai)于申請強制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、不規范(fan)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)3.2萬(wan)(wan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，涉(she)土(tu)地(di)(di)35.2萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)。某(mou)公(gong)(gong)司違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)用44畝(mu)永久基(ji)本農田長達7年，相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)負(fu)責(ze)人被依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)追究刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)責(ze)任(ren)，但拒不執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決(jue)定，經最高人民(min)(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)和(he)自(zi)然資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)部(bu)(bu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)辦(ban)，該公(gong)(gong)司自(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)拆除涉(she)案(an)(an)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)，并復墾到位(wei)。扎(zha)實(shi)開展行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)(yi)實(shi)質性化(hua)解(jie)(jie)，通過抗(kang)(kang)訴(su)(su)(su)、檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)、促成和(he)解(jie)(jie)、公(gong)(gong)開聽證(zheng)等舉措，化(hua)解(jie)(jie)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領域行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)爭議(yi)(yi)2222件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，促使行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)相(xiang)對(dui)人主動履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)繳(jiao)納(na)罰(fa)(fa)款、退還土(tu)地(di)(di)、恢復原狀、補植復綠等義(yi)務(wu)。

（四(si)）深化以案(an)促治，助推生(sheng)態環境和資源保護高水平治理。習(xi)近平總書(shu)記強(qiang)調(diao)“法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)既要抓末端、治(zhi)(zhi)已病，更要抓前端、治(zhi)(zhi)未病”。檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)服務生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，高質效辦好(hao)每一個(ge)案(an)件(jian)(jian)，以(yi)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)辦案(an)促進社會(hui)(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。落(luo)實懲罰(fa)性賠償。認真貫徹民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)典(dian)，落(luo)實生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)損害(hai)懲罰(fa)性賠償制(zhi)(zhi)度，引領樹立“惡(e)意破(po)壞環(huan)(huan)境(jing)當受重(zhong)罰(fa)”的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)念。一化(hua)(hua)工企(qi)業(ye)跨省(sheng)傾倒(dao)(dao)廢(fei)液造成(cheng)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)危害(hai)村(cun)民飲水安全，江西(xi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)對(dui)(dui)6名直(zhi)接責(ze)(ze)任(ren)人依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)提(ti)(ti)起(qi)公訴(su)、追(zhui)究(jiu)刑事(shi)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，并對(dui)(dui)該企(qi)業(ye)提(ti)(ti)起(qi)民事(shi)公益訴(su)訟(song)，要求在支(zhi)付損害(hai)賠償金的(de)(de)(de)同時，還須承擔懲罰(fa)性賠償責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，得到裁判(pan)支(zhi)持(chi)。做(zuo)實恢復(fu)性司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。針對(dui)(dui)不同類型案(an)件(jian)(jian)特點(dian)，采(cai)取損害(hai)賠償、增殖放(fang)流(liu)、補植復(fu)綠、異地(di)修復(fu)、勞務代償等(deng)(deng)方(fang)式，督(du)促做(zuo)好(hao)生(sheng)態(tai)修復(fu)工作(zuo)(zuo)。某(mou)水產品公司(si)非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)收購(gou)、倒(dao)(dao)賣(mai)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)海(hai)(hai)龜，江蘇檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)辦案(an)中發現被倒(dao)(dao)賣(mai)的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)龜生(sheng)存狀況堪憂(you)、亟待救助(zhu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，遂改變結案(an)后(hou)再(zai)行(xing)處(chu)置涉案(an)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)習(xi)慣做(zuo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，固定證據后(hou)即聯合(he)(he)相(xiang)關(guan)部門及時將(jiang)200余只(zhi)海(hai)(hai)龜放(fang)歸大海(hai)(hai)。規范法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律適用。推動將(jiang)“古(gu)樹名木以(yi)及列入《國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)》的(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)”納(na)入刑事(shi)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍，明(ming)確“非法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)移栽”的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)性質及處(chu)罰(fa)原則。針對(dui)(dui)破(po)壞野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)犯(fan)罪(zui)持(chi)續(xu)大幅上(shang)升，既依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)從(cong)嚴(yan)懲治(zhi)(zhi)，加強(qiang)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)；又堅(jian)持(chi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)理(li)(li)情相(xiang)統一、罪(zui)責(ze)(ze)刑相(xiang)適應(ying)，尊重(zhong)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)規律。堅(jian)持(chi)標本兼(jian)治(zhi)(zhi)，深化(hua)(hua)源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。湖南某(mou)縣錳礦資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富，因生(sheng)產粗(cu)放(fang)、工藝(yi)落(luo)后(hou)、監(jian)管不嚴(yan)等(deng)(deng)，導致(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)問題日益嚴(yan)重(zhong)。省(sheng)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院組建(jian)(jian)工作(zuo)(zuo)專(zhuan)班，一體推進打擊刑事(shi)犯(fan)罪(zui)、監(jian)督(du)行(xing)政違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、維(wei)護(hu)(hu)公共利益，并結合(he)(he)辦案(an)制(zhi)(zhi)發檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)，為(wei)礦業(ye)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)綜合(he)(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)提(ti)(ti)供法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)樣本。嚴(yan)格(ge)落(luo)實“誰執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)誰普法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”的(de)(de)(de)普法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)，通過發布(bu)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)白皮書(shu)、組織觀(guan)摩庭審(shen)等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)方(fang)式加強(qiang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)宣傳，助(zhu)力(li)營造崇尚生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)氛(fen)圍。深化(hua)(hua)與相(xiang)關(guan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際組織交流(liu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，積極(ji)參與世(shi)界(jie)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)大會(hui)(hui)、《濕地(di)公約》及《生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性公約》締約方(fang)大會(hui)(hui)等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際會(hui)(hui)議(yi)，中國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)事(shi)廣受關(guan)注和贊譽。