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“十四五”時期深入推進“無廢城市”建設工作方案（征求意(yi)見(jian)稿(gao)）

開展“無(wu)(wu)廢城(cheng)市”建設，是深入貫徹落實習近平生態文明思想的(de)具(ju)體(ti)行(xing)動，是推動實現減污降碳協同(tong)增(zeng)效的(de)重(zhong)要舉措(cuo)，是美麗中國建設目標的(de)內在(zai)要求。黨中央、國務(wu)院(yuan)高度重(zhong)視“無(wu)(wu)廢城(cheng)市”建設工作(zuo)(zuo)。2018年，國務(wu)院(yuan)辦公廳印(yin)發《“無(wu)(wu)廢城(cheng)市”建設試點工作(zuo)(zuo)方案(an)》（國辦發〔2018〕128號），在(zai)深圳等11個城(cheng)市和雄安新區等5個特殊地(di)區開展改革試點，取得(de)明顯成效。為指(zhi)導地(di)方做好“十四五(wu)”時期“無(wu)(wu)廢城(cheng)市”建設工作(zuo)(zuo)，在(zai)總結(jie)改革試點實踐經驗基礎上，制(zhi)定本方案(an)。

一、總體要(yao)求

（一(yi)）指(zhi)導(dao)思想。以習(xi)近(jin)(jin)平(ping)新時代(dai)中國特色社會(hui)(hui)主義(yi)思(si)(si)想為指導，全面(mian)貫徹(che)黨(dang)的十九大和十九屆二(er)中、三中、四中、五中全會(hui)(hui)精神，深入貫徹(che)習(xi)近(jin)(jin)平(ping)生(sheng)態文明(ming)思(si)(si)想，立足新發(fa)展(zhan)階段，貫徹(che)新發(fa)展(zhan)理(li)念(nian)，構(gou)建新發(fa)展(zhan)格局，統籌城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)固體(ti)廢物管理(li)，強化制(zhi)度、技術、市(shi)(shi)場、監管等保障(zhang)體(ti)系建設，大力推(tui)進減(jian)量化、資源化、無害化，發(fa)揮減(jian)污降碳協同(tong)效應，提升(sheng)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)精細化管理(li)水平(ping)，為全面(mian)加強生(sheng)態環境保護、建設“無廢社會(hui)(hui)”和美(mei)麗中國作出貢獻(xian)。

（二）基本原則。

堅持系統謀劃與協同推進。以經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展全面(mian)綠色轉型為引領，把實現減污降碳(tan)協同增效(xiao)作為促(cu)進經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展全面(mian)綠色轉型的總抓手，系統謀劃碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中和重大(da)戰略部署(shu)下(xia)的“無(wu)廢城市”建設行動路線(xian)圖。

堅持目標導(dao)向與問題導(dao)向。以(yi)持續提升(sheng)固體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)物減(jian)量化(hua)、資(zi)源化(hua)和(he)無害化(hua)水平(ping)為目標，以(yi)固體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)物產生強度高、回(hui)收利用(yong)水平(ping)低、處置缺口大(da)等突出問題為突破口，推動形成綠色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)方式(shi)和(he)生活方式(shi)，加快(kuai)補(bu)齊(qi)基礎設(she)施短板(ban)，提升(sheng)固體(ti)(ti)廢(fei)物綜合治理能力。

堅(jian)持依(yi)法治理與(yu)深化(hua)改革。落實新修訂《固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物污染環境(jing)防治(zhi)法》等(deng)法律法規要求，健全固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)物污染環境(jing)防治(zhi)長效機(ji)制。深化體(ti)制機(ji)制改革，完善制度、市場、技(ji)術、監(jian)管四大體(ti)系，為“無廢(fei)(fei)城市”建設提供支撐保障。

堅持(chi)黨政主導(dao)與(yu)多元共治。構(gou)建(jian)(jian)黨委領導、政府主(zhu)導、企業主(zhu)體(ti)、社會(hui)組織和公(gong)眾(zhong)共同(tong)參與的(de)(de)“無廢(fei)城(cheng)市”建(jian)(jian)設工作格局。建(jian)(jian)立分工明確、權責清晰、協同(tong)增效(xiao)的(de)(de)管理體(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)。發揮園區、骨干企業支撐作用。發動(dong)群(qun)眾(zhong)，依托群(qun)眾(zhong)，形成全(quan)社會(hui)戶(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)知曉、人人參與的(de)(de)良好氛(fen)圍(wei)。

工作目標(biao)。推動100個左(zuo)右地級(ji)及以上城市(shi)開展(zhan)“無(wu)廢(fei)城市(shi)”建設，到2025年(nian)，城市(shi)固體廢(fei)物(wu)產生強度穩步(bu)下(xia)降(jiang)，綜合利用水平(ping)和(he)比(bi)例大幅提升(sheng)，區域(yu)處置設施缺口(kou)基(ji)本補(bu)齊，減(jian)污(wu)降(jiang)碳協同增效(xiao)作用明顯，基(ji)本實現固體廢(fei)物(wu)管理信息“一張(zhang)網(wang)”,“無(wu)廢(fei)”理念得到廣泛(fan)認同，固體廢(fei)物(wu)治(zhi)理體系和(he)治(zhi)理能力得到明顯提升(sheng)。

二、主要任務

（一）加強(qiang)規劃統籌銜(xian)接，強(qiang)化頂(ding)層設計(ji)引領(ling)。

將(jiang)“無廢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)”建(jian)設(she)目標任務(wu)納入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)或者區域國(guo)民經(jing)濟和社會發展“十四(si)五(wu)”規劃(hua)及其他相(xiang)關專項規劃(hua)，持(chi)續推(tui)進。因地制(zhi)宜(yi)編(bian)制(zhi)“無廢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)”建(jian)設(she)實(shi)施(shi)方案(an)，與(yu)碳達(da)峰碳中和、鄉(xiang)村振興(xing)等(deng)國(guo)家重大(da)戰(zhan)略以及城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)設(she)管理(li)有機(ji)融合，明確(que)任務(wu)措(cuo)施(shi)，一體推(tui)進，協同增效(xiao)(xiao)。建(jian)立完(wan)善“無廢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)”建(jian)設(she)評估(gu)機(ji)制(zhi)，推(tui)動將(jiang)建(jian)設(she)成效(xiao)(xiao)納入(ru)當地黨委、政(zheng)府績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)考核。

錨定廣泛形成(cheng)綠色(se)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方式的遠景目標要(yao)求，著力優化(hua)產(chan)業結(jie)構(gou)、能源(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)和運(yun)輸結(jie)構(gou)，大幅降低固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)強(qiang)度。統籌市(shi)域范圍內固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)利用處置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)布局，加強(qiang)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)共(gong)(gong)享。明確(que)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)期內城(cheng)市(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)保障(zhang)能力需求，將生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)垃圾(ji)、市(shi)政污泥、建(jian)筑垃圾(ji)、再生(sheng)(sheng)資源(yuan)、工業固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、醫(yi)療廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、農(nong)業廢(fei)(fei)(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分類收集及無害(hai)化(hua)處置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)納入城(cheng)市(shi)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和公(gong)共(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)范圍，保障(zhang)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)用地。構(gou)建(jian)集污水、垃圾(ji)、固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、醫(yi)療廢(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)處理(li)處置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和監(jian)測(ce)監(jian)管能力于一體(ti)的環境(jing)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)體(ti)系，形成(cheng)由城(cheng)市(shi)向建(jian)制鎮和鄉村延伸覆(fu)蓋的環境(jing)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)網絡。

（二）加快工業發展方式綠色轉(zhuan)型，降(jiang)低工業固體廢物貯存(cun)填埋(mai)量。

以“三線一(yi)單”為(wei)抓手，嚴控高(gao)(gao)耗能、高(gao)(gao)排放項目盲(mang)目發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，鼓(gu)勵發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)低碳(tan)特色(se)(se)(se)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)資源利(li)用效(xiao)率。推(tui)(tui)(tui)行(xing)產(chan)(chan)品綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)設(she)計，構建(jian)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)供應(ying)鏈，實現源頭減(jian)(jian)(jian)量。結合(he)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和(he)(he)有關要求，加快探索鋼(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)、有色(se)(se)(se)、化(hua)工(gong)、建(jian)材等(deng)(deng)重點(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)量化(hua)路(lu)(lu)徑，堅決(jue)(jue)壓減(jian)(jian)(jian)過剩產(chan)(chan)能，全(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)行(xing)清(qing)潔生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，降低大(da)(da)宗工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)強(qiang)度。全(quan)面(mian)(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)礦(kuang)(kuang)山、“無廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)”礦(kuang)(kuang)區建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣(guang)尾(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)等(deng)(deng)大(da)(da)宗工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)環境友好(hao)型井(jing)下充(chong)填(tian)回(hui)填(tian)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)少尾(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)庫貯(zhu)(zhu)存量。大(da)(da)力推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)宗工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)在提(ti)取有價組分、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)建(jian)材、筑路(lu)(lu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復、土壤治理等(deng)(deng)領域的(de)(de)規模化(hua)應(ying)用。以錳渣(zha)、赤泥(ni)、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鹽等(deng)(deng)難(nan)利(li)用冶煉渣(zha)、化(hua)工(gong)渣(zha)為(wei)重點(dian)，加強(qiang)貯(zhu)(zhu)存處置環節環境管理，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)建(jian)設(she)符合(he)國家(jia)有關標準的(de)(de)貯(zhu)(zhu)存處置設(she)施。支持(chi)金屬(shu)冶煉、造(zao)紙、汽(qi)車制造(zao)等(deng)(deng)龍頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資源回(hui)收(shou)加工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)作，建(jian)設(she)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鋼(gang)(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)有色(se)(se)(se)金屬(shu)、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)紙等(deng)(deng)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)分揀加工(gong)配送中心(xin)和(he)(he)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)舊動(dong)(dong)力電池回(hui)收(shou)中心(xin)。加快綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)園區建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)園區企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內、企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間物(wu)(wu)(wu)料閉路(lu)(lu)循環，實現固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)循環利(li)用。推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)利(li)用水(shui)泥(ni)窯、燃煤鍋爐、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾焚燒等(deng)(deng)協(xie)同(tong)處置固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。開展(zhan)歷史遺(yi)留(liu)固(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)排查、分類(lei)整治，加快歷史遺(yi)留(liu)問題解決(jue)(jue)。

（三）發展農業循環經濟，促進主要農業廢棄(qi)物綜合(he)利用。

推進(jin)農(nong)業農(nong)村碳達(da)峰(feng)碳中和轉型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)態種(zhong)植、生(sheng)態養殖，探索建(jian)立農(nong)業循環(huan)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，促進(jin)農(nong)業廢棄(qi)物綜合利(li)用(yong)，推進(jin)化肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)藥(yao)減量增效(xiao)。鼓勵和引導農(nong)民增施有機肥(fei)(fei)、秸稈還(huan)田、種(zhong)植綠肥(fei)(fei)，持續減少化肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)用(yong)比(bi)例(li)。加(jia)大畜禽糞污和秸稈資源(yuan)化利(li)用(yong)先(xian)進(jin)技術和新型(xing)市場模(mo)式(shi)(shi)的集成(cheng)推廣(guang)，推動形成(cheng)可持續運行機制。探索推動農(nong)膜、農(nong)藥(yao)包裝等生(sheng)產者責任延(yan)伸制度，著(zhu)力構建(jian)回收體系，促進(jin)農(nong)業廢棄(qi)物回收利(li)用(yong)。以龍頭企業帶動，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)“工農(nong)復合”農(nong)業，加(jia)快產業融(rong)合。統(tong)籌農(nong)業廢棄(qi)物能源(yuan)化利(li)用(yong)和農(nong)村清潔能源(yuan)供應，推動農(nong)村發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)物質(zhi)能。

（四）踐行綠色生(sheng)(sheng)活方式，提高生(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾減量(liang)化(hua)(hua)、資源化(hua)(hua)水(shui)平。

以節約型機關(guan)、綠(lv)色飯店、綠(lv)色學校、綠(lv)色商(shang)場、綠(lv)色快遞網點（分(fen)撥中(zhong)(zhong)心）、“無(wu)廢(fei)”景區等為抓手(shou)，大(da)力倡導(dao)“無(wu)廢(fei)”理(li)(li)念(nian)，推(tui)動形成簡約適度(du)、綠(lv)色低碳、文明(ming)健康(kang)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方式和消(xiao)費模(mo)式。堅決制(zhi)止餐飲浪費行為，推(tui)廣“光(guang)盤行動”，引(yin)導(dao)消(xiao)費者適量消(xiao)費。積極推(tui)行共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)經(jing)濟，推(tui)動二手(shou)商(shang)品(pin)交(jiao)易和流通(tong)。堅持共(gong)(gong)建(jian)共(gong)(gong)治(zhi)共(gong)(gong)享(xiang)，深入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)工(gong)作，建(jian)立(li)完善(shan)(shan)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)投放(fang)、分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)收集、分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)運(yun)輸(shu)、分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)處理(li)(li)系統。構建(jian)城(cheng)鄉融合(he)(he)的農村生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)治(zhi)理(li)(li)體系，推(tui)動城(cheng)鄉環衛制(zhi)度(du)并軌。加快構建(jian)廢(fei)舊物(wu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)循環利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)體系，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)回(hui)(hui)收與再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源回(hui)(hui)收“兩網融合(he)(he)”，促進(jin)(jin)廢(fei)玻(bo)璃等低值(zhi)再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源回(hui)(hui)收利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。完善(shan)(shan)廢(fei)舊家電回(hui)(hui)收處理(li)(li)管理(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)和支持政策，暢(chang)通(tong)家電生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產消(xiao)費回(hui)(hui)收處理(li)(li)全產業(ye)鏈(lian)條。優化城(cheng)市(shi)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)轉站(zhan)環境，建(jian)設“無(wu)臭(chou)”垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)轉站(zhan)。提(ti)升廚余垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源化利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)能力，著力解(jie)決好堆肥、沼液、沼渣(zha)等產品(pin)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的“梗阻”問題。提(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)焚(fen)燒發(fa)電能力，大(da)幅(fu)減(jian)少(shao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)填(tian)埋處置，規范生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)填(tian)埋場管理(li)(li)，減(jian)少(shao)甲烷等溫室(shi)氣體排放(fang)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)市(shi)政污泥源頭減(jian)量，壓減(jian)填(tian)埋規模(mo)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源化利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)塑(su)料污染(ran)全鏈(lian)條治(zhi)理(li)(li)，大(da)幅(fu)減(jian)少(shao)一次性(xing)塑(su)料制(zhi)品(pin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，推(tui)動可(ke)降解(jie)替(ti)代產品(pin)的應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，加強廢(fei)棄塑(su)料制(zhi)品(pin)回(hui)(hui)收利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。加快快遞包(bao)裝(zhuang)綠(lv)色轉型，推(tui)廣可(ke)循環綠(lv)色包(bao)裝(zhuang)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。開展海洋塑(su)料垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)污染(ran)清理(li)(li)整治(zhi)，推(tui)動沿海大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)立(li)實施“海上環衛”制(zhi)度(du)。

（五）加強全過程(cheng)管理，推進建筑垃圾綜合(he)利用。

落實(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單位建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)減量(liang)(liang)(liang)化(hua)的(de)(de)主體責任，將(jiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)減量(liang)(liang)(liang)化(hua)措施(shi)費納(na)(na)入工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)概算。推動(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)源頭(tou)減量(liang)(liang)(liang)，采用(yong)(yong)綠(lv)色(se)設(she)(she)計、綠(lv)色(se)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)措施(shi)減少(shao)(shao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)產生(sheng)、排放(fang)。以(yi)(yi)保障(zhang)性(xing)住(zhu)房、政策投資(zi)或以(yi)(yi)政府投資(zi)為(wei)主的(de)(de)公建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)項目(mu)為(wei)重(zhong)點，大(da)力發展(zhan)裝配(pei)(pei)式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，有序提高綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占(zhan)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)比(bi)例。積極推廣鋼結(jie)構裝配(pei)(pei)式住(zhu)宅，推行(xing)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)化(hua)預制(zhi)、裝配(pei)(pei)化(hua)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)、信息(xi)化(hua)管理(li)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造模式。推行(xing)全(quan)裝修交(jiao)付，減少(shao)(shao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)產生(sheng)。制(zhi)定(ding)完善(shan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)分類、收(shou)集、統計、處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)再(zai)生(sheng)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)等(deng)(deng)相(xiang)關標(biao)準。統籌(chou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)治理(li)體系，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)政府主導、市場(chang)(chang)運作、循環利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)模式，加(jia)強收(shou)集、運輸、利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)和(he)處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)管理(li)，合(he)理(li)布局(ju)轉運調配(pei)(pei)、資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)和(he)消納(na)(na)處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)施(shi)。鼓勵(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)再(zai)生(sheng)骨料及(ji)制(zhi)品在建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)道(dao)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，將(jiang)再(zai)生(sheng)產品應(ying)用(yong)(yong)要(yao)求納(na)(na)入工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)設(she)(she)計標(biao)準、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)驗收(shou)條件，深入推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)。推動(dong)在土方平衡、林(lin)業用(yong)(yong)土、環境治理(li)、燒(shao)結(jie)制(zhi)品及(ji)回填等(deng)(deng)領域(yu)大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)經處(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)，提升建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)綜合(he)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率。開(kai)展(zhan)存量(liang)(liang)(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)垃(la)(la)(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)治理(li)，對(dui)堆(dui)放(fang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較(jiao)大(da)、較(jiao)集中的(de)(de)堆(dui)放(fang)點，經治理(li)、評估(gu)后達到安全(quan)穩定(ding)要(yao)求，進行(xing)生(sheng)態修復。

（六）強化監管和利用處置能力，有效防控危險廢物環境風險。

支持(chi)研(yan)發、推廣減(jian)少工(gong)業危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)產生量和降低工(gong)業危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害性的(de)(de)生產工(gong)藝和設備，促進源頭減(jian)少危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)產生量、降低危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害性。以(yi)廢(fei)(fei)礦物(wu)油(you)、廢(fei)(fei)鉛蓄電池、實(shi)驗(yan)室廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)等(deng)為重點(dian)(dian)(dian)，開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)小微企業、科(ke)研(yan)機構(gou)、學校等(deng)產生的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)轉運(yun)服(fu)務。開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)業園區危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)集(ji)(ji)中收(shou)集(ji)(ji)貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)試點(dian)(dian)(dian)，推動收(shou)集(ji)(ji)轉運(yun)貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)專業化(hua)(hua)(hua)。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)利用處(chu)(chu)置企業的(de)(de)土壤地下水污(wu)染預防和風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)管控(kong)；促進規模化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、專業化(hua)(hua)(hua)運(yun)營，提(ti)升集(ji)(ji)中處(chu)(chu)置基礎保障能力(li)。在(zai)環(huan)(huan)境風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)控(kong)的(de)(de)前提(ti)下，探索(suo)“點(dian)(dian)(dian)對點(dian)(dian)(dian)”定向利用豁(huo)免管理。規范醫療機構(gou)可(ke)回收(shou)物(wu)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)利用，完善醫療廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)轉運(yun)處(chu)(chu)置體系，保障重大疫情醫療廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)應急處(chu)(chu)理能力(li)，完善應急處(chu)(chu)置機制。建立危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)環(huan)(huan)境風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)區域(yu)聯(lian)防聯(lian)控(kong)機制，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)部門間信息共享、監管協作和聯(lian)動執法工(gong)作機制，形成工(gong)作合力(li)。嚴厲打擊非(fei)法排(pai)放、傾(qing)倒、收(shou)集(ji)(ji)、貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)、轉移、利用或處(chu)(chu)置危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)等(deng)環(huan)(huan)境違(wei)法犯罪行為，實(shi)施生態環(huan)(huan)境損害賠償(chang)制度。

（七(qi)）加強制(zhi)度、技術、市場和監(jian)管體系建設，提升系統保障能力。