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2021年(nian)10月柴油機已持(chi)續(xu)6個月同(tong)比(bi)下降

10月(yue)，內燃機(ji)銷量418.79萬(wan)臺(tai)，環比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)2.69%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-5.79%；功(gong)率完成21633.25萬(wan)千瓦，環比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)4.85%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-13.57%。1-10月(yue)內燃機(ji)累計銷量4091.00萬(wan)臺(tai)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)10.60%；累計功(gong)率完成221467.47萬(wan)千瓦，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.07%。

內燃機(ji)行業10月(yue)銷量較9月(yue)環比增長，同比仍下(xia)降(jiang)。

10月為市場(chang)銷售旺季，整體看各(ge)終端行(xing)業(ye)情(qing)況較(jiao)(jiao)上(shang)月均有所(suo)好轉，但(dan)由于受到(dao)拉閘(zha)限電、原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)供需矛盾、疫情(qing)反復及國(guo)慶(qing)假期工作(zuo)日減少(shao)等因素影響(xiang)，市場(chang)需求(qiu)仍(reng)受到(dao)抑制。具(ju)體到(dao)內燃機行(xing)業(ye)，其銷量(liang)環比小幅增長，同比受基數較(jiao)(jiao)高影響(xiang)仍(reng)為下降(jiang)，尤其是柴油機已(yi)持續6個月下降(jiang)，降(jiang)幅較(jiao)(jiao)為明顯。

與今年月(yue)度(du)銷(xiao)量高點相比(bi)，內燃機(ji)各細分用途有較(jiao)明顯波動，占比(bi)較(jiao)大的乘用車用、摩托車用銷(xiao)量回(hui)落8~12%；商用車用、工程(cheng)機(ji)械用回(hui)落28%~52%；園(yuan)林機(ji)械用回(hui)落25%；農業機(ji)械用回(hui)落19%；發(fa)電機(ji)組(zu)用回(hui)落31%。

1-10月(yue)行業總體(ti)銷(xiao)量累計同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)10.60%，漲幅(fu)較前(qian)9個月(yue)有(you)2.21個百(bai)分(fen)點的回落(luo)，而(er)與2019年同期(qi)相比(bi)仍有(you)7.74%增(zeng)長(chang)，增(zeng)幅(fu)較前(qian)期(qi)比(bi)略有(you)收(shou)窄(zhai)。

銷量總體(ti)概述(shu)：

10月，內燃(ran)機銷量(liang)418.79萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比增(zeng)(zeng)長2.69%，同比增(zeng)(zeng)長-5.79%；功率完(wan)成21633.25萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，環比增(zeng)(zeng)長4.85%，同比增(zeng)(zeng)長-13.57%。

1-10月(yue)內燃機累計銷量4091.00萬臺，同比(bi)增長(chang)10.60%；累計功率完成221467.47萬千瓦，同比(bi)增長(chang)8.07%。

分燃料(liao)類型情況：

10月(yue)，在(zai)分柴、汽油(you)(you)大類中，柴油(you)(you)機銷(xiao)量(liang)環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)、汽油(you)(you)機銷(xiao)量(liang)均環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)均下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)，累(lei)計同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)幅較上月(yue)回落(luo)2-4個百分點。具體為：與(yu)上月(yue)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，柴油(you)(you)機增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-3.03%，汽油(you)(you)機增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.30%；與(yu)上年同期(qi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，柴油(you)(you)機同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-29.82%，汽油(you)(you)機同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-2.38%。與(yu)上年同期(qi)累(lei)計比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，柴油(you)(you)機同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.19%，汽油(you)(you)機同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)12.19%。

10月(yue)，柴油(you)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)銷售38.40萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(其中(zhong)乘(cheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)2.04萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)17.77萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)6.88萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，農機(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)8.05萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.30萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，發(fa)電(dian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3.19萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.17萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai))，汽(qi)油(you)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)銷量380.31萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。1-10月(yue)柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)銷量520.55萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)（其中(zhong)乘(cheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)19.19萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)2358.53萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)88.91萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，農機(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)123.17萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3.26萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，發(fa)電(dian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)24.71萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)2.76萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)），汽(qi)油(you)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)銷量3569.30萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。

分市場用途情況：

10月(yue)，在(zai)分用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途市場(chang)可比(bi)口徑中，除工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、園林繼續用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、通機(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環比(bi)下降外，其它用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途環比(bi)均有不同程(cheng)度增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。具(ju)體為：乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.44%，商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)12.35%，工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-18.49%，農業機(ji)械(xie)(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.26%，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)39.92%，發電機(ji)組用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)11.60%，園林機(ji)械(xie)(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-14.16%，摩托車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)0.01%，通機(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-58.07%。

與上年同期比，農(nong)業機(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、發電機(ji)組用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、園林機(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、摩托(tuo)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，其余用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)不(bu)同程度下降。具體為：乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-14.80%，商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-30.50%，工程機(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-16.13%，農(nong)業機(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)31.18%，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)15.77%，發電機(ji)組用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)9.38%，園林機(ji)械用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)15.22%，摩托(tuo)車(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.93%，通機(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-47.63%。

與上年(nian)累計比(bi)，除農業機(ji)(ji)械用(yong)外其他各分類用(yong)途增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)幅度較(jiao)上月均有(you)回(hui)落。具體為：乘用(yong)車(che)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)2.18%，商用(yong)車(che)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-0.97%，工(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)19.54%，農業機(ji)(ji)械用(yong)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)29.64%，船(chuan)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)21.57%，發電機(ji)(ji)組用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)21.88%，園林機(ji)(ji)械用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)22.29%，摩托車(che)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)14.61%，通(tong)機(ji)(ji)用(yong)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)37.59%。

10月，乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)銷(xiao)售164.09萬(wan)(wan)臺，商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)23.85萬(wan)(wan)臺，工程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)7.44萬(wan)(wan)臺，農業(ye)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)48.07萬(wan)(wan)臺，船用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.30萬(wan)(wan)臺，發電機(ji)(ji)組用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)13.57萬(wan)(wan)臺，園(yuan)林機(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)16.10萬(wan)(wan)臺，摩托車用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)143.78萬(wan)(wan)臺，通(tong)機(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1.58萬(wan)(wan)臺。

1-10月，乘用車(che)用累計銷售1464.95萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，商用車(che)用313.95萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，工程(cheng)機(ji)械用96.20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，農業機(ji)械用436.13萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，船用3.26萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，發電機(ji)組用124.62萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，園林機(ji)械用209.91萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，摩(mo)托車(che)用1418.92萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，通機(ji)用24.06萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)。

主要品種按(an)單、多缸分用途(tu)情況：

單缸(gang)柴油機

10月(yue)單(dan)缸柴(chai)(chai)油機市場銷量(liang)環(huan)比(bi)、同比(bi)均(jun)呈下降態勢(shi)，累計(ji)同比(bi)較上月(yue)下降4個百分點。10月(yue)，單(dan)缸柴(chai)(chai)油機銷售(shou)4.45萬(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，環(huan)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-1.19%，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-49.72%；1-10月(yue)累計(ji)銷量(liang)64.70萬(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-18.40%。排(pai)名靠前的(de)五家企業(ye)為：常柴(chai)(chai)、三環(huan)、四方、金飛魚(yu)、力帆內燃機。主要配套于(yu)農(nong)業(ye)機械的(de)單(dan)缸柴(chai)(chai)油機10月(yue)銷量(liang)4.28萬(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，環(huan)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)2.12%，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-49.86%；1-10月(yue)累計(ji)銷量(liang)61.90萬(wan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，同比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-18.97%。

多缸柴油機

商用車市場10月呈現環(huan)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)，同(tong)比(bi)下(xia)降態勢，帶動多缸(gang)柴(chai)油(you)機市場同(tong)步波動，累計銷量(liang)超去(qu)年部分已由高點76萬(wan)臺(tai)回落至21萬(wan)臺(tai)。

10月，多缸柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)油機企業共銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)33.94萬(wan)臺(tai)，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-3.26%，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-25.98%；1-10月累計(ji)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)455.85萬(wan)臺(tai)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)4.75%。濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)、玉柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)、云(yun)內、全(quan)(quan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)、解(jie)放、江鈴(ling)、新柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)、福田(tian)康(kang)(kang)(kang)明斯(si)、東風康(kang)(kang)(kang)明斯(si)、上柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)前(qian)十(shi)名銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)均處(chu)于較好水(shui)平，占(zhan)多缸柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)油機總銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)的(de)78.01%；市場份額占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)中：濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)18.97%、玉柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)10.57%、云(yun)內9.14%、全(quan)(quan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)8.01%、解(jie)放動(dong)力6.31%、江鈴(ling)6.05%、新柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)5.67%、福康(kang)(kang)(kang)5.57%、東康(kang)(kang)(kang)4.00%、上柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)3.73%。

10月，商用(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)多缸柴(chai)油(you)機銷量(liang)(liang)17.77萬臺，環比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)5.43%，同比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-37.38%。1-10月累(lei)計銷量(liang)(liang)258.53萬臺，同比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)-3.15%。銷量(liang)(liang)前十的為(wei)濰(wei)柴(chai)、江鈴、福(fu)(fu)康、玉柴(chai)、云(yun)內(nei)、解放動(dong)力(li)、全(quan)柴(chai)、東(dong)康、上柴(chai)、江淮(huai)，其(qi)前十名銷量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)總(zong)銷量(liang)(liang)88.35%；濰(wei)柴(chai)在商用(yong)(yong)車用(yong)(yong)多缸柴(chai)油(you)機市(shi)場份額(e)中領先，占(zhan)比22.12%，其(qi)后依(yi)次(ci)為(wei)江鈴10.66%、福(fu)(fu)康9.81%、玉柴(chai)9.69%、云(yun)內(nei)9.19%、解放動(dong)力(li)8.91%、全(quan)柴(chai)5.27%、東(dong)康4.80%、上柴(chai)4.44%、江淮(huai)3.46%。

10月，工程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)多(duo)缸柴(chai)油機(ji)(ji)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)6.86萬臺(tai)，環比(bi)增長(chang)-15.50%，同比(bi)增長(chang)-15.10%。1-10月累計銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)88.46萬臺(tai)，同比(bi)增長(chang)20.48%。銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)前十(shi)的為新柴(chai)、濰柴(chai)、云(yun)內、全柴(chai)、玉柴(chai)、廣康(kang)、卡特彼勒、東(dong)康(kang)、上柴(chai)、解放動力(li)。其前十(shi)名(ming)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)占其總銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)97.97%。

多缸汽油(you)機

主要(yao)配套的乘用車市場10月產(chan)銷(xiao)環比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)、同比(bi)(bi)下降。受其影響，多缸汽油機10月銷(xiao)量環比(bi)(bi)、同比(bi)(bi)也(ye)出現了類似波動。

10月多(duo)缸(gang)汽(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)機銷(xiao)量168.29臺(tai)，環比(bi)增長9.35%，同(tong)比(bi)增長-14.38%；1-10月累(lei)計銷(xiao)量1501.36萬臺(tai)，同(tong)比(bi)增長2.40%。在53家多(duo)缸(gang)汽(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)機企(qi)業中一汽(qi)(qi)大眾(zhong)、吉利動(dong)力(li)系統、長安汽(qi)(qi)車、東(dong)風(feng)有限(xian)等十家銷(xiao)量排在前列，其總(zong)體銷(xiao)量占行業銷(xiao)量的53.81%。

乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在多缸汽油機占比為96.23%，10月(yue)銷量(liang)162.05萬(wan)(wan)臺，環(huan)比增(zeng)長8.52%，同比增(zeng)長-14.97%；1-10月(yue)累(lei)計銷量(liang)1444.75萬(wan)(wan)臺，同比增(zeng)長2.01%。一汽大眾、吉利動(dong)力系統、長安(an)汽車(che)(che)(che)、東風有限、上通五菱、蜂(feng)巢動(dong)力、上海(hai)大眾動(dong)力總成、奇(qi)瑞汽車(che)(che)(che)、東本汽車(che)(che)(che)、華晨寶(bao)馬等銷量(liang)排名(ming)比較(jiao)靠前，其(qi)總體銷量(liang)占乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銷量(liang)的55.92%。其(qi)中長安(an)汽車(che)(che)(che)、蜂(feng)巢動(dong)力、奇(qi)瑞汽車(che)(che)(che)、華晨寶(bao)馬增(zeng)幅(fu)較(jiao)高。

小汽(qi)油機

行業(ye)(ye)主要(yao)做進出(chu)口貿易，受內(nei)外部環境影響(xiang)明顯導致(zhi)波及較大。在(zai)可比(bi)口徑中，10月(yue)(yue)小汽(qi)油機(ji)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)環比(bi)小幅增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。10月(yue)(yue)小汽(qi)油機(ji)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)93.44萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.00%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)42.65%；1-10月(yue)(yue)累計銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)848.71萬(wan)(wan)臺，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)38.89%。銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)前(qian)五名(ming)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)為隆鑫(xin)、潤通(tong)、華(hua)盛(sheng)、力帆(fan)內(nei)燃機(ji)、蘇州雙馬。在(zai)配套農業(ye)(ye)機(ji)械(xie)中，10月(yue)(yue)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)40.02萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)5.24%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)76.61%，1-10月(yue)(yue)累計銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)312.96萬(wan)(wan)臺，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)54.04%；在(zai)配套園林機(ji)械(xie)領域(yu)中，10月(yue)(yue)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)16.10萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-14.16%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15.22%；1-10月(yue)(yue)累計銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)209.91萬(wan)(wan)臺，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)22.29%。 

（來源：中內協(xie)會數據 原文題目：2021年10月柴油機已持續6個月同比(bi)下降）